wildlife

Lake Proctor Wilderness Area

Lake Proctor Wilderness Area, located in Seminole County, is a 465-acre swath of land that supports multiple native ecosystems, such as flatwoods, oak hammocks, sandhills, and freshwater lakes. This site is taking massive steps to regrow native plants to recharge the local aquifer, otherwise known as the Geneva Bubble.

While there are no boat docks or camping areas, this park supports four dog-friendly trails. The main loop, color-coded red, is roughly 2.6 miles and features several branches off the main path, which lead to beautiful vistas. The blue trail leads to the edge of Lake Proctor, where several waterbirds can be spotted. It’s worth noting that the trails are open to those on horseback. Look for many native animals along the path.

This park is not ADA-accessible. Lake Proctor Wilderness Area is an excellent spot for wildlife and, for you, a short hike and birdwatching!

Photo Credit: Dan Kon

Author: Sarina Pennington

Jungle Hut Park

Jungle Hut Park is an excellent beach choice for nearby Flagler residents and tourists.

The two-acre park hosts an abundance of amenities, such as beach access, bathrooms,

showers, and parking. Jungle Hut Park is also dog-friendly!

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Peruse the sand dunes and search for local wildlife that puts Jungle Hut Park on the map.

Ruby-throated hummingbirds usually stop to smell (and pollinate) the flowers during summer

while the unusual gannet stops in for the winter. Throughout the year, you can spot plenty of

seabirds and rock-dwelling sealife.

Jungle Hut Park is perfect for relaxing, bird-watching, and throwing a stick for Fido, but

this beach is not suggested for swimming. Rocks in the surf make this location subject to strong

undercurrents dangerous to swimmers. We suggest instead a lovely picnic with a pair

of binoculars. Happy birding!

For more information: https://www.flaglercounty.gov/…/FacilityDirectory/16/339

Photo Credit: Dan Kon

Author: Sarina Pennington – IOF Volunteer

McCarty Ranch Preserve

The McCarty Ranch Preserve, or Port St. Lucie’s McCarty Ranch Preserve, is a 3,100-acre preserve sitting squarely around Lake John and the smaller bodies of water: Lake Dan and Lake Brian. Located in Port St. Lucie, the ranch features 13 rustic campsites with modern amenities such as restrooms, showers, and free wifi, as well as 6 RV campsites, a boat/canoe launch, fishing, trails, and an 18-hole disc golf course, all of which are pet-friendly. The wide range of trails, designed for everything from horses to bikes, to the classic walking stick, is the real draw of McCarthy Ranch Preserve.

There are two hikeable nature trails located near the entrance and campgrounds. The Gopher Tortoise Trail is the longest at about 16 miles and is split evenly by the Palmetto Trail which is 1 mile long. On these trails, you will likely encounter abundant wild flora and fauna, such as bats, alligators, and a variety of predatory birds like the beloved osprey. The local flora resembles old Florida pinelands, which host slash pines, milkweed (a Monarch host plant!), and mulberry.

The McCarty Ranch Preserve can trace its roots to the influential McCarty Family and its patriarch, Charles Tobin McCarty, who used the land for cattle and pineapple farming in the 1880s. CT (Charles Tobin) McCarty’s grandson, Dan, became the state’s 31st Governor in 1953 while his son John managed the ranch. The ranch continued until 2012 when it was purchased and incorporated into city limits for the purpose of storing water and creating a recreational area for the community.

If you are seeking the perfect trailhead on foot or horseback, the McCarty Ranch Preserve is the place to go for your family’s (and pets!) fishing, canoeing, and hiking needs. For more information please go to the https://www.cityofpsl.com/…/mccarty-ranch-preserve…

Author: IOF Volunteer Sarina Pennington

Photo Credit: Courtney Smith

Spruce Bluff Preserve

Locating in Port St. Lucie on the eastern side of the St. Lucie River, The Spruce Bluff Preserve is one of St Lucie County’s most popular parks. It is home to myriad plant and animal species, making it a popular spot for nature enthusiasts and bird watchers. This 97-acre site has two distinct hiking trails and what makes this preserve so special are the two self-guided, interpretive trails that teach us about how the Ais tribe and a pioneer settlement previously occupied the land.

The north loop trail takes you to the site of the 1891 pioneer settlement and cemetery along the banks of the St. Lucie River. Created after the Second Seminole War, little remains but a cemetery marker. This trail takes you through a beautiful Sand Pine Forest. While walking, keep more than your eyes and ears open, for you don’t want to miss the smells of the fresh pine and wild rosemary that can be found in large patches of the main trail on your way to the pioneer cemetery. Watch out for the random prickly pear cactus, and maybe you will be lucky enough to spot a land crab along the trail.

The south trail is found across the street from the parking area and rakes you to one of the largest AIS Indian mounds in South Florida that dates back to pre-ceramic time! This trail can be tricky as it goes into wetter terrain. A short boardwalk is surrounded by saltbush and willow. Keep an eye and ear for the multitude of songbirds. As you wander deeper into this “urban wilderness, ” remember the ground might be wet and muddy in places. There are two more boardwalks/bridges that take you over wetland lakes. This is a trail that you really should keep an eye on the plants as well. It is easy to overlook things like the patches of sundews on the side of the trail, patches of lichens, and wild orchids.

County officials ask the public not to climb the mound and only use the trail around it. “The problem is, every time you go up on it, you erode it,” Thompson said. “You cause the sand to slide down.”

Both trails are easy to walk, especially on the north side. It is simply natural Florida at its best. With its mixture of upland and wetlands, including large bodies of water with bridges over them, we can’t see the land as it used to be when the Ais and pioneer people walked there. This site is a place that takes you back to a reminder of what the wilderness must have been like for the early settlers.

“It’s actually my favorite site because it’s been so touched by people and abandoned by people at the same time,” Thompson said. “It’s a vicious cycle of snapshots of who used to be there.” Amanda Thompson is the senior lands stewardship and outreach coordinator for the St. Lucie County Environmental Resources Department.

Amenities:

Hiking Trails

Boardwalks/ Bridges

Wildlife Viewing

Native American Midden

Historic Interests

Information Kiosk

Parking Area

Interpretive Signage

Observation Areas

Canoe Access

Address: 611 SE Dar Lane, Port St. Lucie, 34984

**Also accessible by canoe from the North Fork of the St. Lucie River.

For more information: https://www.stlucieco.gov/…/count…/spruce-bluff-preserve

Author and Photo Credit: Bobby Putnam

Fore Lake Recreation Area

Looking for the perfect outdoor getaway? Look no further! Fore Lake Recreation Area is a hidden gem nestled in the heart of Florida. Located within the Ocala National Forest, this beautiful spot offers a serene and tranquil atmosphere, making it an ideal destination for nature lovers and outdoor enthusiasts alike.

Get ready to explore the wonders of Fore Lake! Launch your non-motorized boat, Swim in the designated area, birdwatch, or enjoy a picnic lunch surrounded by breathtaking landscapes. Experience the magic of sleeping under the stars! The recreation area offers 31 campsites and camping facilities for those seeking a memorable outdoor adventure.

Fore Lake has something to offer all year round, whether it’s spring, summer, fall, or winter. Each season brings its unique charm and opportunities for unforgettable experiences.

Planning a family outing? Fore Lake Recreation Area is perfect for family gatherings, picnics, and creating lasting memories together.

Nature photographers, get your cameras ready! The area is a paradise for capturing stunning landscapes and wildlife shots.

Let’s help preserve this natural wonder! Remember to follow Leave No Trace principles and respect the environment during your visit.

For more details and directions, visit: https://www.fs.usda.gov/recarea/florida/recarea/?recid=83686

Experience nature at its best – plan your Fore Lake Recreation Area trip now!

Photo Credit: Dan Kon

Pioneer Trail at Kings Park on Merritt Island

The Pioneer Trail, inside of Kings Park, could be the trail that you have been missing. Located in north Merritt Island, this 240-acre community park is largely a wetlands preserve. The paved, well-maintained trail is suitable for walkers, runners, or cyclists (mountain, hybrid, cruisers, or road bikes will all work here), perfect for your whole family to enjoy. If you go later in the afternoon or evening, you will find portions of the trail are shaded.

The Pioneer Trail is a straight 1.1-mile trail connecting E. Hall Road and Chase Hammock Road. A straight line without looping makes it not only impossible to get lost but safe and easy for even the most novice trail enthusiasts to use! You will likely cover 2.2 miles round trip unless you turn back early or take a side trail. The trail takes you along two ponds and other water features, with plenty of native Florida vegetation including wildflowers, grasses, palm trees, and more. Keep an eye out for alligators. With the opportunity to see more of this natural Florida scenery, you might want to wander down a side trail.

The small developed area at the northeast corner of the park features a multi-use field and paved parking that accommodates practice games and neighborhood play. A deep freshwater lake adjacent to the parking area offers a natural ramp for non-motorized boats. Another small lake, a canoe trail, and rustic nature trails invite exploration for the adventurous. Don’t forget your sun protection, extra water, and bug spray. There are restrooms, a pavilion, and picnic tables at either end of the trail.

Amenities:

Restroom

1.4-mile Pioneer trail.

Picnic area

1 Multi-use field

Canoe Launch,

Freshwater,

Non-motorized Access

Photo Credit and Author: Director Bobby Putnam

Tiger Bay State Forest

Tiger Bay State Forest is a protected forest in Volusia County, near Daytona Beach and DeLand, and is easily accessible from Interstate 95. The forest offers several recreational activities, including hiking, biking, horseback riding, and fishing in some of the area’s streams and lakes. Tiger Bay State Forest was severely impacted by the 1998 Summer Wildfire Firestorm. Approximately 15,000 acres of forest were burned during these catastrophic wildfires. Restoration included extensive salvage timber removal, and reforestation efforts have been completed.

The forest is named after the nearby Tiger Bay Creek, its primary geographical characteristic, which runs through the area. Tiger Bay is a crucial source of groundwater replenishment for the local region. The hydric swamp forest is punctuated by clusters of pine-covered islands, which make up 40% of the forest area. Additionally, the forest encompasses Indian Lake and Scoggin Lake, as well as several smaller bodies of water, including Coon Pond, a naturally occurring pond, and Rattlesnake Pond, Woody Pond, and Ranch Pond, which are man-made and open to the public for fishing. Additionally, three other unnamed man-made ponds are situated within the forest. The forest covers over 27,000 acres of land and is managed by the Florida Forest Service.

Tiger Bay Forest has many native animals such as white-tailed deer, wild turkeys, alligators, and black bears. It also supports a variety of bird species, including bald eagles, red-shouldered hawks, and woodpeckers. The forest is also an essential habitat for the endangered Florida sandhill crane and gopher tortoise, which are both protected species in the state of Florida. Tiger Bay State Forest is also home to several plant communities, including longleaf pine forests, cypress swamps, and wetlands.

Visitors to Tiger Bay State Forest can engage in a wide range of recreational activities, including hiking, bicycling, horseback riding, picnicking, boating, fishing, hunting, nature study, and photography. However, it should be noted that horseback riding and bicycling are only permitted on forest roads, permanent firelines, and specifically designated trails. Tiger Bay State Forest boasts one hiking trail, the Buncombe Trail, part of the Florida Forest Service’s Trailwalker Hiking Program. Additionally, the forest features one equestrian trail, Rima Ridge Trail, which is part of the Florida Forest Service’s Trailtrotter Program. For those who prefer a leisurely stroll, the forest also offers the Pershing Highway Trail, which covers just over a mile of scenic brick road built in 1917. For visitors who wish to spend the night in the forest, there are semi-primitive campgrounds available, including the Tram Road Equestrian Campground located on the Rima Ridge Tract. This campground includes small corrals for horses and a non-potable water supply.

Overall, Tiger Bay State Forest is an important ecological area that provides critical habitat for various native animals and plant species. Its diverse habitats make it an ideal location for outdoor recreation and a great place to explore Florida’s natural beauty.

For more information click here: https://www.fdacs.gov/…/State…/Tiger-Bay-State-Forest

Photo Credit: Dan Kon

Author: Renada Hill – Student Valencia State College

Bok Tower Gardens

Bok Tower Gardens is a serene must-see place that needs to be added to your must-visit list. There are amazing sights and loads of enlightenment in the gardens. Situated in Polk County, Florida, Bok Tower Gardens occupies a central location in Lake Wales, providing easy access to both Tampa and Orlando. For those using GPS navigation, the address 1151 Tower Blvd, Lake Wales, FL 33853 can be used. Bok Tower Gardens welcomes visitors every day of the year, including Christmas Day. You can buy general admission tickets either at the Entrance Gate or in advance through the online ticketing link provided. Note that special event and educational program tickets, with the exception of Brunch in the Gardens, include general admission for the day. The tickets provide access to certain Garden areas and the 3.5-mile Pine Ridge Preserve hiking trail.

Bok Tower Gardens showcases one of the most remarkable works of renowned landscape architect Frederick Law Olmsted, Jr. The sprawling historic landscape garden was designed to provide a serene and informal woodland setting with a series of romantic recesses, tranquil resting spots, picturesque vistas, and stunning views of the Singing Tower. The lush greenery, featuring acres of ferns, palms, oaks, and pines, serves as a vibrant backdrop for blooming foliage and seasonal bursts of azaleas, camellias, and magnolias, creating an ever-changing masterpiece, especially during the peak bloom season in spring.

The Gardens also boast a rich wildlife population, including 126 different bird species, as well as the endangered eastern indigo snake and threatened gopher tortoise. Bok Tower Gardens is designated as a site on the Great Florida Birding Trail, showcasing the natural habitats and diverse species of the region.

Visitors can explore the Gardens through paved primary pathways and several mulched secondary paths, some of which have inclines. There are two main pathways leading into the core Gardens, and visitors can choose from various routes to reach the Singing Tower, which is approximately an 8-minute walk from the Visitor Center.

Speaking of the Singing Tower, there’s another wonder of amazement located on the grounds which is a must-see. If you are wondering what makes the tower sing well let me let you in on a few tidbits. The music comes from a Carillon consisting of a set of at least 23 harmonically tuned bells made of bronze, a blend of copper and tin, and meticulously adjusted for pitch. The bells are stationary, and only the clappers move in a process called “hung dead.” This instrument operates purely mechanically, without any electronic components. The art of carillon originated in the 17th century in the low countries of Belgium and the Netherlands and remains prevalent in these regions to this day, with the highest density of carillons found there.

Fun Fact taken directly from the website: There are approximately 600 carillons around the world and only about 185 carillons in North America. Imagine if there were only 185 pianos on the whole continent – and we’re lucky enough to have one here!

That’s not all that’s housed in this gigantic tower. But I won’t spoil your visit by telling you every single detail. This work of art is truly a MUST SEE! MUST FEEL! MUST EXPERIENCE!

There are so many things to do at Bok Tower Gardens you can make it an all-day adventure! There’s even a hotel if you want to stay a while.

For more information click here: https://boktowergardens.org/

As always get outside and explore Our Florida!

Photo Credit: Dan Kon

Author: Renada Hill -Valencia College

Chito Branch Reserve

Chito Branch Reserve is a beautiful natural area located in Lithia, Florida. This 1,700-acre park is home to a variety of habitats, including pine flatwoods, hammocks, scrubby flat woods, wetlands, and old pastures. Visitors can explore the park’s many hiking trails, which wind through pristine wilderness areas and offer breathtaking views of the surrounding landscape. The reserve is thriving with wildlife including deer, alligators, and an abundance of bird species. With its serene beauty and diverse ecosystem, Chito Branch Reserve is a hidden gem for nature lovers and outdoor enthusiasts in the Lithia area.

Photo Credit: Aymee Laurain

Maritime Hammock Preserve

The Maritime Hammock Preserve was purchased in 2003 purchased by the City of Cocoa Beach in partnership with the State’s Florida Communities Trust program for

conservation and stormwater management. Conservation efforts include native

plant community restoration, invasive plant eradication, and passive recreation,

such as nature trails, an observation deck, picnic areas, and a future fitness

trail.

Right on A1A, tucked between the Denny’s and Bank it is easy to overlook and drive past. A sad mistake on your behalf. This short third of a mile of this primarily

sand trail is a great short escape. There is both an open field and a partially shaded area from a few large live oaks, palms, gumbo limbo, and native mulberry.

The park includes a 1-acre stormwater pond that has been constructed to provide storm runoff treatment for the neighboring 128 acres of commercial and

multi-residential areas. The tiki-covered pavilion over the water provides a nice break or lunch spot. Keep an eye in the pond for the local tarpon too!

Please no fishing in the pond or biking on trails. Please take all trash home or use park receptacles. Please be aware of and respect the park’s neighboring residential

homes.

Location:

1225 North Atlantic Ave.

Cocoa Beach

Length: 0.3 miles loop with some side trails

Type: sand

Difficulty: easy to moderate

Bug factor: moderate

Restroom: No facilities.

Amenities: sauntering, frisbee, dog-walking, picnicking, exercise/fitness trail,

photography, plant identification, and bird watching.

Photo Credit and Author: Bobby Putnam – IOF Director and Brevard County Lead Educator

Lake Wales Ridge State Forest

The Lake Wales Ridge State Forest is 26,563 acres divided into several separate sections and is located a few miles off of US 27 just outside Frostproof in Polk County. Lake Wales Ridge State Forest derives its name from the narrow ridge that runs north and south through the Florida Peninsula. In ancient times, when ocean levels rose and covered nearly all of the present-day peninsula known as Florida was underwater, the ridge was an island where plants and animals continued to evolve in isolation. The ridge is the highest and oldest ridge in Florida extending about 100 miles. Today the scrub ecosystem on the ridge has a high concentration of rare and endangered plants, such as a pygmy fringe tree, scrub plum, and scrub-blazing star. Many of Florida’s rare and endangered plants and animals flourish in the forest.

The forest is managed for multiple uses, including outdoor recreation, protection of endangered and threatened species, and maintenance of natural communities.

Many lakes are accessible from Lake Wales Ridge State Forest. Lake Godwin is located in the forest on Arbuckle, and Lake Weohyakapka (Walk in Water) adjoins the forest, while Lake Reedy is located nearby.

Primitive camping is allowed at seven designated campsites along hiking trails and two primitive campgrounds on the Arbuckle and the Walk in Water tracts but make sure you make a reservation. There are restrooms, picnic tables, and several hiking options but NO electricity. Volunteers with Florida Trail Association constructed most of these trails, and if you walked all the connected loops, you’d cover 23 miles. Make sure to bring plenty of water because there is NO drinking water available.

For more information click here: https://www.fdacs.gov/…/Lake-Wales-Ridge-State-Forest

Photo Credit: Andy Waldo

Author: Renada Hill – Student Valencia College

Highlands Scrub Natural Area

Highlands Scrub is just over 34 acres of rare pineland scrub in Pompano Beach in eastern Broward County. It was formerly known as the Jungle and is considered one of Broward and south Florida’s last substantial remaining sand pine scrub communities. This rare type of community, unique to Florida, is one of the most imperiled in the state. With only two percent of this habitat remaining in Broward County, this nice little nature park is extra special.

Highlands Scrub has a large paved and handicapped-friendly hiking trail, pavilion, ample parking, and benches. The trail loops through the site and is well-marked with some of the most informative and easy-to-read interpretive signs. Canopied by sand pines and scrub live oaks, the trail has an underbrush of saw palmetto, scrub oaks, gopher apple, pawpaw, Mexican fire plant, partridge pea, lesser Florida spurge, narrow-leaf silkgrass, and Feay’s Palafox.

Broward County has done great fire management in the Highlands Scrub Natural Area. The positive influence of their prescribed burn practice can be appreciated in the north portion of the property with the new growth of understory plants, such as greenbrier, rosemary, wildflowers including partridge pea and the endangered Curtiss’ milkweed, and the gorgeous silkgrass field.

Amenities:

Information Kiosk

Interpretive Signage

Nature Trail paved

Picnic Area

Seating Area

For more information: https://www.broward.org/parks/Pages/default.aspx

Author and Photo Credit: Bobby Putnam – IOF Brevard County Lead Educator

Walk In the Water Campground

Walk In the Water Campground is located on the Lake Wales Ridge State Forest, (Polk County) on the Walk In the Water tract, approximately 44 miles SE of Lakeland, FL. It features eight primitive campsites that all require an advanced reservation. There is a picnic table and a fire ring at each site. There is no water or electricity available. There are two port-a-pots and a dumpster at the campground.

Some recreational activities that can be enjoyed here are: hiking, bicycling, picnicking, horseback riding, and wildlife viewing. Hikers can take advantage of the two hiking trails on the Walk In the Water tract, which include Big Bay Trail, Scrub Jay Loop Trail, and two designated horseback riding/equestrian trails (Red and Blue).

Speaking of Scrub-jays….The trail leading from the entrance at King Trail Gate is an excellent place to see Florida scrub-jays, and some visitors may be fortunate enough to see short-tailed hawks. The area is part of the Great Florida Birding and Wildlife Trail.

Purchased under Florida’s Conservation and Recreation Lands program, Walk-in-the-Water protects fast-disappearing scrub and sandhill communities, which are home to many rare plants and animals. One such plant is the endangered scrub plum, one of the first scrub plants to bloom in the year, flowering in January or February before its leaves open.

And if you are wondering…YES! Yes, you can bring your fur baby along for the adventure. Dogs are allowed. Make sure to have your leash because there is an on-leash rule that applies.

For more information, click here: https://www.fdacs.gov/…/Lake-Wales-Ridge-State-Forest

Author: Renada Hill – student – Valencia State College

Photo Credit: Dan Kon

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Halpatiokee Regional Park

Located in Stuart, Halpatiokee Regional Park is Martin County’s largest park. There are 65 acres surrounded by wetlands, with 4 miles along the South Fork of the St. Lucie River waiting to be explored. Discover the many species of native plants, including 13 threatened or endangered species, that thrive there.

Saunter through the scrub, pine flatwoods, and oak hammock. Plenty of gopher tortoises call Halpatiokee home. There are 8 miles of hiking and 8 miles of biking trails. Bring your canoe or kayak and paddle for 4.2 miles along the St. Lucie River. Look for otters, turtles, a variety of fish, and alligators. Spend a night or more at the riverside primitive campsite. Covered picnic areas and pavilions are the perfect places to enjoy a picnic lunch.

For more information: https://www.martin.fl.us/Halpatiokee

Photo Credit: Courtney Smith

Yamato Scrub Natural Area

The 217-acre Yamato Scrub Natural Area in Boca Raton sits on the largest natural section of the Atlantic Coastal Ridge. The Atlantic Coastal Ridge once ran from St. Johns County into Miami-Dade County. As the largest natural area in South Palm Beach County, it is also the largest portion of native scrub habitat this far south in Florida. Virtually every acre of the site provides habitat for at least one rare or endangered plant species, animal species, or natural community.

With five district habitats to explore and a variety of cross-trails that create long and short loops, you can choose the difficulty and distance of your hike. While walking many of these trails, it is easy to forget how developed the surrounding areas have become. As you explore the diverse habitats of scrub, pine flatwoods, sand pine, hammock, and marsh, it should is not surprising to encounter several species. Look for gopher tortoises, cottontail rabbits, raccoons, squirrels, sky blue lupines, pawpaws, staggerbush, tarflowers, love vines, deer moss, large flower rosemary, ironweed as well as long leaf pines, sand pines, wild olives, scrub oaks, and an array of bromeliads.

Two trails make up a total of 3.5 miles of hiking trails. Trails include the 0.7-mile accessible Cicada and the 2.8-mile Skyblue Lupine. Most of the trails are moderately easy and paved. Yamato Scrub can be explored during a long break, but you can easily split your hikes into two or four sessions. The paved trail and the sand trail can each be hiked in 2 separate outings or split into two hikes each to give yourself plenty of time to discover the wildlife and wildflowers that thrive in Yamato Scrub Natural Area.

There is a portable toilet at the trailhead. A portion of the trail system is wheelchair accessible. Pets are not permitted.

For more information: https://www.myboca.us/…/Yamato-Scrub-Natural-Area-59

Author and Photo Credit: Bobby Putnam – IOF Brevard County Lead Educator

Crystal Lake Sand Pine Scrub

Crystal Lake Sand Pine Scrub, located in Pompano Beach, is 24 acres of scrub and scrubby flatwoods that are dominated by sand pines. These unique habitats are rare habitats in Florida, rarer still this far south. This scrub habitat site is one of the rarest and most ecologically sensitive communities in South Florida since most have vanished in this area of the state due to development. Sadly there is less than 2% of Broward County’s original sand pine scrub remaining.

Sitting atop the Atlantic Coastal Ridge, Crystal Lake Sand Pine Scrub has about 3,200 feet of paved and unpaved trails cutting through it. This is a perfect place to step back into south Florida’s natural past. This remnant piece of sand pine scrub reflects a bygone land of sand pine or scrub oaks and a sub-canopy of saw palmetto scattered with patches of bright white sands dotted with reindeer lichen that is reminiscent of an ice age tundra.

Both trails are well marked and maintained and are easy hikes. There is plenty to take in on the primary and paved Sand Pine Trail, which has plenty of benches and interpretive signs along the way. Please keep in mind that there are no bathrooms or water available. If you have a little more time, would like to get off the paved path, and don’t mind some sand in your shoes. I suggest taking the “secret” natural surface trail called the Gray Fox, where you can meander through a natural path through the preserve. After walking into a sandy opening, look forward to a slightly overgrown path entrance. This path will take you to the secluded seating area that is perfect for silent meditation and offers plenty of seating for a peaceful group gathering.

On either path, keep your eyes, ears, and other senses open for sand scrub unique vegetation. Look for reindeer lichen, spike moss, prickly pear, pawpaw, scrub mint, rosemary, powderpuff lichen, staggerbush, dayflower, gopher apple, and green briar. A variety of butterflies live among the native plants. If you are blessed enough, you might encounter a gopher tortoise, like Slow Mama- the iconic animal of Florida scrub, several songbirds, warblers, cardinals, blue jays, mockingbirds, gray squirrels, cottontail rabbits, and black racer snakes.

Just because it is winter does not mean you can’t take advantage of all that Our Florida has to offer. If you are a snowbird, visitor, or resident of the area, make sure that you take some time to enjoy this very special piece of Florida.

Amenities:

– Information Kiosk

– Interpretive Signage

– Nature Trail, paved and sand

– Picnic Area

– Seating Area, Pavilion

For more information: https://www.broward.org/Parks/Pages/park.aspx?park=8

Author and Photo Credit: Bobby Putnam – IOF Brevard County Lead Educator

Lake May Reserve

Lake May Reserve is a beautiful conservation area located in Lake County in Eustis. There are 136 acres of natural Florida with well-marked trails to explore. Saunter through Pine Flatwoods, Longleaf Pine/Turkey Oak Mesics, Longleaf Pine Sandhill, and Sand Pine Scrub. Stroll around Lake May and take in the 20-acre lake while discovering the plants and wildlife that thrive in the floodplain. Be sure to stop at the Lake May overlook platform to enjoy watching native and migratory ducks and wading birds. A canoe launch is provided for those who want to enjoy the water.

Lake May is an excellent birding destination where native and migratory birds enjoy the natural Florida landscapes. Various wildflowers make this a great place to watch bees and butterflies. Look for Gopher tortoises and their dens, Black bears, black racers, southern toads, and more. Pets are not permitted at the reserve. Restrooms and a water fountain are at the entrance.

For more information: https://www.lakecountyfl.gov/parks-and-trails/public-lands

Photo credit: Dan Kon

Ais Trail Park

Ais Trail Park is named after the Indian River Lagoon’s former Native American inhabitants. In an effort to preserve the last undeveloped property along Turkey Creek Palm Bay purchased the nearly 18-acre parcel with mature shade trees from the Sterner family.

While small in perimeter, Ais Trail is outsized in diversity, having a dense array of ecosystems packed into one simple location. It is a great spot to enjoy the natural diversity that Florida has to offer: Scrubby Flatwoods, Sand Scrub, Hardwood Hammock, Mangrove Shoreline, and a brackish creek.

In one short .6-mile trail hike, you will see a mangrove shoreline and hardwood hammocks that include Hickory and Loblolly Bay trees with luscious beauty berries and copious amounts of ferns. Transitioning ecotone areas full of hog plums, wild olives, and shiny blueberries lead you to a sand scrub full of sand pines, sand holly, and some of the largest native rosemary I have seen. The Scrubby Flatwoods Area becomes noticeable as its cabbage palms and saw palmettoes become prominent beneath the towering slash and longleaf pines.

It’s a short and easy trail that has both dirt/sand and wooden boardwalk sections with creek overlooks. There are also onsite restrooms and an area to launch kayaks/canoes. There is also a short fishing deck before the hiking trail.

For a slightly longer trail, you can connect the Ais Trail to Dewar Park via a boardwalk. Dewar Park is a paved neighborhood park that features a pond and a paved loop. Turtles and water birds are common in both areas.

The park entrance and parking can be found just past the historic St Joseph Church and Cemetery.

Ais Trail Park Specialties: Nature Trips, Trail Running, Biking, Wild Flowers, Walking, Forest Lake, Pavilion, Kayak/Canoe Launch, Fishing Pier, Jogging Trails & Dock, Dog Friendly, Restrooms

2804 Hickory Ave NE, Palm Bay, FL 32905

Self-Guided QR Code Nature Trail. Find codes along the trail. Ais Trail Park Self-Guided Nature Tour 6 | City of Palm Bay, FL

Author and Photo Credit: Bobby Putnam -IOF Lead Eduction Coordinator Brevard County

Enchanted Forest Sanctuary

The moment you start your walk into the Enchanted Forest Sanctuary you know that there is something special about this place. The first property that was purchased by the Brevard County EEL Program and at 470 acres is the “Flagship” in a series of sanctuaries that the EEL program has been working to establish through Brevard County

Located in the southern limits of the City of Titusville, in the shadow of NASA and Kennedy Space Center Visitor Center, the Enchanted Forest Sanctuary preserves a wonderful diversity of natural habitats. Five basic habitat types are found within the Sanctuary: Oak scrub, mesic and hydric hammock, wet prairie, and pine flatwood. Wildlife species found here include the Eastern indigo snake, Florida scrub lizard, gopher tortoise, white-tailed deer, and bobcat. A diversity of temperate and subtropical plant life includes Red Mulberry, Hercules club, orchids, magnolia, wild coffee, wind oranges, and pig nut hickory.

Several miles of diverse hiking and walking trails allow visitors of all ages and abilities to enjoy the natural beauty of the unique natural and historical features. There are massive trees, gardens, and diverse habitats along its trail system, with the spine of the Atlantic Coastal Ridge a prominent landform down the middle.

There’s a nature center filled with information and interactive exhibits about the habitats and history of this corner of Titusville. The nature center has a nice gift shop inside, restrooms, and a water fountain. They can even provide guided tours available for persons of limited mobility.

Universal accessible amenities include an exterior covered porch, the Ancient Oak amphitheater, an outdoor Butterfly Garden, and a trail to a scenic overlook over the Addison Canal.

The Enchanted Forest is a must-stop for those who love the outdoors and are visiting the Space Coast. So the next time you visit the Space Coast for the beach or rocket launch, make sure you schedule some nature time in The Enchanted Forest.

Length: 2.5-mile loop

Trailhead: 28.533350, -80.802283

For more information: https://www.brevardfl.gov/…/EnchantedForestSanctuary

Photo Credit: Bobby Putnam – Brevard County Lead Education Coordinator

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Circle B Bar Reserve

Circle B Bar Reserve is located in Lakeland and was once a cattle ranch. Today, this 1,267-acre reserve is overseen by the Polk County Environmental Lands Program. Explore wetlands, a marsh, an oak hammock, a sandhill scrub, and Lake Hancock where you will discover the wildlife and wildflowers that now thrive there.

Trails ranging from .2 miles to 1.5 miles provide the opportunity for easy to moderate hikes that meander through the different ecosystems. Note the abundant wildlife and wildflowers that live in each ecosystem. Bring your camera and leave your pets at home while you immerse yourself in the wonder of nature. Circle B Bar Reserve has been added to the Great Florida Birding Trail. Along with Florida’syear-round residents, keep an eye out for migratory birds in the winter.

Bring a meal to enjoy in one of the 5 covered picnic areas and stay for a spectacular Florida sunset over Lake Hancock.

For more information: https://polknature.com/explore/circle-b-bar-reserve

Photo Credit: Andy Waldo

Cradle Creek Preserve

Located in Jacksonville Beach, Cradle Creek Preserve is a 45-acre reserve in northeast Florida. Containing saltwater marshes, maritime forests, and bottomland swamps, it is easy to see why this area was selected to conserve against development.

Cradle Creek is the last large piece of undeveloped land along the Intercoastal Waterway in Jacksonville Beach. This parcel was set aside to protect the many rare species that depend upon these ecosystems and allow people to experience a relatively untouched piece of natural, coastal Florida.

You will find a lovely trail just over half a mile long there. As you casually meander through the bottomland swamp, keep a careful eye out and you may catch a glimpse of a Florida box turtle foraging in the mud for tasty worms or mushrooms. In the summer, lizards’ tails and jack-in-the-pulpit bloom on the forest floor. Ironweeds bloom from the mucky bottom with purple flowers that attract a whole host of pollinators. In the winter months, keep your head up as you look amongst the resurrection ferns coating the oaks for dainty little green blooms of the greenfly orchids. The American Holly boasts big clumps of bright red berries, just the perfect treat for birds such as the grey catbird, bluebirds, and others.

You will find yourself in a maritime forest as you continue along the boardwalks and nice, clear trails. These are really unique forests shaped by winds and salt spray. You will notice many of the same species of trees and understory plants you are used to seeing in other parts of Florida. Live oak, longleaf pine, loblolly pine, and palmettos are all common plants here. Maritime forests closer to the dunes will have canopies trimmed short by high winds off the ocean. The maritime forests of Cradle Creek are taller as they occur further from the dunes. These forests provide food and refuge for migrating songbirds as well as bobcats, reptiles, raccoons, and many others.

After passing through this forest, you will come to the saltwater marsh. This beautiful, open expanse of grasses and shallow water, dotted with cabbage palms, makes for a lovely overlook. These marshes maintain a high salinity from daily flooding due to high tides. These marshes are some of the most productive ecosystems on earth. The grasses and rushes provide cover for hatching fishes as they avoid predators in the shallows and feed on the abundant life. Herons, spoonbills, and other wading birds also find food here, trolling the muddy shallows for fish, small snakes, and crustaceans. In the mud, you can see footprints of the prior evening’s patrol of raccoons, searching for muscles, fiddler crabs, and other tasty treats.

You can access this park by the parking lot, located at the corner of 15th Street South and Fairway Lane in Jacksonville Beach. You can also get there via canoe or kayak by using Cradle Creek, which meets the Intercoastal Waterway at Marker 37. There is a boat landing you can use to then access the trails. So, the next time you’re in Jacksonville and want a glimpse as to what this part of Florida looked like before development, or if you just need a place to go to escape the noise for a moment and connect with nature, stop by Cradle Creek Preserve.

For more information: https://www.jacksonvillebeach.org/…/Cradle-Creek…

Photo Credit: Andy Waldo

Magnolia Park

Magnolia Park, located on the eastern shore of Lake Apopka, is an outdoor space with something for everyone. There is a playground for the kids, volleyball and basketball courts, a baseball field, a boat ramp, and picnic tables where you can enjoy your meal under ancient live oaks. Spend a few nights in your tent or RV at one of 18 campsites. Be sure to stop by the Ecotourism Center to learn about the history of Lake Apopka, the ongoing restoration work, and the Lake Apopka Loop Trail.

Wildlife peacefully coexists with human visitors at Magnolia Park. Look for ducks, wading birds, dragonflies, and alligators in the pond at the center of the park. A colorful array of beautiful native flowers bloom to the delight of butterflies and bees. Sandhill cranes, osprey, and a variety of birds and wildlife visit often. A flock of Peacocks calls Magnolia Park home.

For more information about Magnolia Park: https://www.orangecountyfl.net/CultureParks/Parks.aspx…

Photo credit: Dan Kon

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Atlantic Ridge Preserve State Park

Atlantic Ridge Preserve State Park contains 4,886 acres where 15 species of protected animals and eight species of protected plants thrive. It is located in Stuart, Martin County between the South Fork of the St. Lucie River and U.S. 1.

Saunter over 30 miles of trails that wind through a hydric hammock, wet flatwoods, and a wet prairie. Note the remains of drainage ditches from long ago. Reveal in the sounds of the wetlands as you experience this tropical paradise.

Enjoy the Sabal palms and live oaks overhead. Look for wax myrtle, wild coffee, and saw palmetto along the trails. Keep a keen eye out for protected cinnamon ferns, royal ferns, giant leather ferns, giant air plants, common wild pine, and threatened snowy orchids.

Sandhill cranes, ibises, herons, egrets, and wood storks are common sights at the preserve. Look for alligators and manatees. Gopher tortoises can be found in the sandy habitat of the upland at the preserve. Watch for bald eagles, red-shouldered hawks, and swallow-tailed kites soaring through the sky.

Atlantic Ridge Preserve State Park has limited access and requires a gate code.

For more information: https://www.floridastateparks.org/…/atlantic-ridge…

Photo Credit: Courtney Smith

Split Oak Forest WEA

Split Oak Forest is a 2,000 acres of wildlife conservation area located south of Orlando near Lake Nona. It is named for the 200-year-old oak tree that split in the middle and lived. Portions of the forest were once utilized for cattle operations and turpentine. However, Florida acquired Split Oak Forest in 1994 using funds from the Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission’s Mitigation Park Program. The area is now used to protect the gopher tortoise and other species of wildlife that are federally listed and to restore and maintain the forest for the critical benefits of the state. FWC manages this Wildlife and Environmental Area.

Split Oak Forest is the home of various animal species, including sandhill cranes, gopher tortoises, white-tailed deer, fox squirrels, butterflies, kestrels, woodpeckers, and songbirds. The forest is also home to various rare plant species. The area has scrub and prairie that includes sandhill terrain. There are also a couple of ponds and Lake Hart borders the north side of the forest. This makes it the perfect spot to saunter while spotting various species of animals.

Split Oak Forest provides about 24 miles of Great Birding and Wildlife trails to enjoy alone or with family and friends. There are five named and marked trails in Split Oak: North/South Trail (5.2 miles), Lake Loop (under a mile), Center Trail (0.9 miles), Swamp Trail (0.7 miles), and the County Line Trail (0.3 miles). The remaining trails are not marked on the map and have no names. Nevertheless, those unmarked trails serve as firebreaks to maintain the ecosystems of the park.

The trails are half-shaded and half exposed so you will have the chance to be exposed to the sun while strolling or relaxing under the shadows of the trees. You can also head to the Bonnet Pond Overlook to sit down, enjoy the beautiful view and refreshing air to clear your mind. Regardless of your plans, you will have a great experience exploring the forest since it has an option for everyone.

The public can access the Split Oak Forest through Moss Park or park at 12175 Clapp Simms Duda Road. Bikes and cars are not allowed in the forest, but horses are. Look out for the variety of wildlife and plants around the park. And remember to be safe and keep yourself hydrated.

For more information: https://myfwc.com/recreation/lead/split-oak-forest/

Author and Photo Credit: Steven Marquez – Student, Valencia College

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Ponce de Leon Park

Located on the Charlotte Harbor in Punta Gorda, the 10-acre Ponce de Leon Park is a perfect spot to immerse yourself in nature. Look for mangroves and giant seagrape trees. Revel in the fresh air as you let the water carry your troubles away. Listen for the sounds of birds including wading birds, shorebirds, sea birds, doves, and songbirds. Discover a variety of insects including the gorgeous Southern Mangrove Buckeye butterfly.

Saunter through the wetlands along the 1/4 mile boardwalk. Launch your boat from the boat ramp or take a walk on the pier to enjoy the blue waters of the harbor. Be sure to visit Peace River Wildlife Center where wildlife is rehabbed before being released. Learn more about Florida’s native wildlife from the non-releasable ambassador animals who make their home at the Wildlife Center.

There are picnic areas and a sheltered area to enjoy your lunch. The park is available to rent for festivals and private events. Children and their parents will appreciate playtime at the playground. Service animals are welcome. Be sure to bring a chair and enjoy the spectacular sunset from the manmade beach.

For more information: https://www.ci.punta-gorda.fl.us/visitors/ponce-de-leon-park

Photo Credit: Dan Kon

Fort Christmas Historical Park

Get outside at Fort Christmas Historical Park. Saunter through the park and tour a full-size replica of the fort built during the Second Seminole Indian War. Visit the school and see how kids of all ages were taught in this single-room structure. Explore the Florida Cracker house and 8 other pioneer homes. Visit the pioneer garden and the sugar cane mill and see the farm equipment used during the turn of the century.

There is a tennis court, a basketball court, and a baseball field. A beautiful playground is available for the children. Enjoy a picnic lunch under one of the pavilions. ADA service animals are welcome.

Fort Christmas Historical Park is located in east Orange County off of SR 50 on Fort Christmas Road in Christmas, Florida. If you visit the park in Dec, be sure to stop by the Christmas post office and have your holiday gifts and cards sent from Christmas, Fl.

For more information and hours: https://www.orangecountyfl.net/cultureparks/parks.aspx…

Photo Credit: Dan Kon

Florida Trail Lockwood to Barr with Boonie Falls

Just outside of Oviedo in Seminole County lies a 5.6 mile Florida National Scenic out and back trail. It features Boonie Falls, the southernmost waterfall on the Florida Trail.

Meander along the Econlockhatchee River and let nature fill your senses. Listen for a variety of birds and watch for wildlife in the shaded, wooded wonderland. Colorful wildflowers and mushrooms are little surprises waiting for you around every bend. During the rainy season, the trail can get muddy. However, the bridges and boardwalks will keep you dry on most days.

Sit for a spell on the bench and watch the water at Boonie Falls cascade over cypress knees. The natural falls are small at only 2-3 feet high but they sure are beautiful.

For a map and trailhead of the Florida Trail – Lockwood to Barr click

https://www.alltrails.com/explore/trail/us/florida/florida-trail-lockwood-to-barr–3?mobileMap=false&ref=sidebar-static-map&fbclid=IwAR3i12Q0LzHyt9sHB58hcbg9TxCnLLPjClwlDObGp5g31srmeIt9T9EMBjc

Photo credit: Andy Waldo

Big Shoals State Park

Big Shoals State Park boasts the only whitewater Class III rapids in Florida. Located In White Springs on S.E. County Road 135 in Hamilton County, this state park has a canoe and kayak launch on the shore of the blackwater Suwannee River. The upper portion of the river provides a year-round opportunity for paddlers. The water level which varies throughout the year determines if the shoals are safe to pass through. The Class III rapids occur when the Suwanne reaches 59-61 feet above mean sea level.

Apalachee and Timucuan lived in the Big Shoals where they used limestone from a quarry to make tools essential for survival. In the early 1800s, European settlers forced most Native Americans out of Big Shoals. Throughout the years, the area was home to a scrub cattle ranch, a black seed cotton farm, and was later used for logging and turpentining. Today, you can still see the scars on the bark of Longleaf pines from catstripping to reach the turpentine. Later the White Springs hotel and bathhouse were built for guests to take advantage of White Springs which was first cherished by Native Americans for their healing properties. The springs dried up in 1990.

Between 1986 and 1989, land including Big Shoals was purchased through a joint agreement between the state of Florida, the Suwannee River Water Management District, and the Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission. Today, Big Shoals State Park is part of the Great Florida Birding Trail.

Big Shoals State Park has 28 miles of trails waiting to be explored. Hike, bike, or horseback ride while discovering the wildlife and wild plants that thrive there. Trails include a mountain bike trail and the 3.4-mile-long Woodpecker Trail which is a multipurpose paved trail. Be sure to hike the mile-long shaded Big Shoals Trail. The trail will lead you through the forest to limestone bluffs 80 feet above the Suwannee River. Enjoy the breath-taking view of the Big Shoals as the Suwannee rushes over agatized corals and limestone.

Bring your camera and/or binoculars. Look for greenfly orchids and magnolia trees. Watch for Swallow-tailed kites, bald eagles, and hawks soaring overhead. Wood ducks, herons, egrets, and other wading birds visit or make their homes near the water. Listen for owls and a diverse assortment of songbirds.

Bring your dinner and enjoy it at the picnic pavilion. Pets on a 6-foot leash are welcome.

Be sure to stay until sunset to see hundreds of Mexican free-tailed bats fly out of the bat house.

For more information click here: https://www.floridastateparks.org/…/big-shoals-state-park

Photo Credit: Bobby Putnam

Weedon Island Preserve

Weedon Island Preserve is a natural and cultural gem in St Petersburg on Tampa Bay. Comprised mostly of marine aquatic and coastal ecosystems, with a few upland exceptions. It is home to many native plants and animals, a rich cultural history, and an educational facility. The native peoples lived at this site for thousands of years. Much of the preserve contains mosquito ditches constructed in the 1950s. These ditches help connect sitting pools of water to larger bodies, allowing predatory fish to feed off mosquito larvae rather than use pesticides in the area. Currently, the Preserve preserves this land’s unique natural and diverse cultural heritages. This can be found in the Educational Center and the preserve. Today, Weedon Island Preserve is set aside as a 3,190-acre natural area managed by Pinellas County.

The largest estuarine preserve in Pinellas County is well known for its birding and fishing. The preserve provides over 4.5 miles of nature trails for hiking, 2 miles of boardwalks and paved trails that are ADA accessible, and the remaining 2.7 miles are natural trail loops. At the end of the Tower Trail sits the observation tower and at 45-foot-tall, it is the tallest of its kind in Pinellas County. You can see most of the preserve, Tampa, and St Petersburg if the conditions are right!

If you are tired of walking on land and want to spend time on the water, you are in luck! Weedon Island also includes a 4-mile, self-guided canoeing/kayaking loop called the South Paddling Trail. Meandering through mangrove tunnels and out to the bay. If you don’t have your own vessel, no worries; a company on site provides tours that take you through the maze of mangrove tunnels. Other activities include fishing from the pier, a boat launch at the end of the road, and picnicking at any designated picnic tables provided through the park and trails.

Don’t forget to check the Weedon Island Preserve Cultural and Natural History Center to learn about the natural history of the ancient native inhabitants of the area. Check the schedule of events because not only does Pinellas County sponsor events, UF/IFAS Extension agents also provide a wide variety of educational programs and events for the general public that are family-friendly and often free of charge. Monthly programs may include guided hikes, archaeology classes, speaker series, photography or birding meet-ups, and environmental sustainability workshops.

Amenities:
Educational Center
Wildlife Viewing
Lookout Tower
Information Kiosk
Guided Tours and Trails
Exhibits
Fishing Pier
Paddling Launch and Rentals
Parking Area
Restrooms
Interpretive Signage
Nature Trails, sand
Picnic Area
Seating Area, Pavilion
Bathrooms
Learning Center

Address: 1800 Weedon Drive Northeast, St. Petersburg, Florida 33702
For more information: http://www.weedonislandpreserve.org/

Photo Credit: Aymee Laurain
Author and Photo Credit: Bobby Putnam

Black Water Creek

Black Water Creek meanders through the Seminole State Forest in Lake County. Only canoeing, kayaking, and standup paddleboarding are permitted. The launch point lies within the Forest and has a picnic table where you can refuel before heading out or after a day of paddling. Be sure to call Seminole State Forest for a pass to launch.

Black Water Creek is 19 miles long and flows into the Wekiva River. Numerous small streams and springs, including Moccasin Spring pictured here, flow into Black Water Creek. The waterway gets its name from the undisturbed dark tannic water. The stream is narrow and the canopy of trees will help shade you from the hot Florida sun.

As part of the Wekiva Wild and Scenic River System and the Great Florida Birding and Wildlife Trail, Black Water Creek provides the opportunity to view plenty of wildlife. Because this is truly wild Florida, remain quiet and you are sure to see otters, ibises, turtles, and alligators. Look for a variety of wading birds, migratory birds, and the endangered Florida Scrub-Jay. Perhaps a Florida Black Bears bear will wander along the creek as you paddle along.

For more information click here: https://www.fdacs.gov/Forest-Wildfire/Our-Forests/State-Forests/Seminole-State-Forest

Photo Credit: Gabrielle Milch

Wakulla Springs State Park

Edward Ball Wakulla Springs State Park boasts the world’s largest and deepest freshwater springs. It may be most famous for the movies Tarzan’s Secret Treasure (1941) and Creature from the Black Lagoon (1954) that were filmed in the park. Wakulla Springs State Park is listed on the National Register of Historic Places and is designated as a National Natural Landmark. It is located just south of Tallahassee in Wakulla County.

Stop by the Visitor Center to access an interpretive display where you will learn the history of the park from Paleolithic times until today. Observe cave diagrams, learn about the indigenous people who first inhabited the land, the men and women who resided or visited there, Edward Ball whom the park is named after, and the wildlife who live there today.

Saunter along the 9 mile Nature Trail, the 1.4 mile Cherokee Sink Trail, or the Bob Rose Trail. Bike or take a guided bike tour on the Cherokee Sink Trail and the Nature Trail. Discover the animals and plants that thrive in the cool waters when you enjoy swimming, snorkeling, scuba diving, or cave diving. For the more daring, jump or dive from the 22-foot observation tower/dive into the 70* spring. Bring a blanket to the beach and sit for a while at the shore or under the shade of a cypress tree.

Explore Southern hardwood forests. maple-cypress habitats, an upland hardwood forest, pine forests, 80-foot-deep sinkhole lake, and ancient cypress swamps.

Bring your camera. Watch for resident and migratory wading birds and songbirds including cedar waxwings, phoebes, and chimney swifts. Look for white-tailed deer, bears, alligators, manatees, and more. Marvel at the variety of wildflowers including terrestrial and epiphytic orchids.

Bring your picnic and enjoy your lunch at one of the provided tables. A playground is nearby. View Wakulla Spring while dining in the Edward Ball Dining Room where breakfast, lunch, and dinner are served. Be sure to stop by the Soda Fountain for an old-fashioned malt or milkshake on the world’s longest marble countertop.

Rooms are available at the historic 1930’s Spanish-style Wakulla Springs Lodge. Plan your reunion or wedding at this popular park. Three conference rooms are available for events, meetings, and retreats.

Well-behaved pets are welcome in designated areas while on a 6-foot leash. Edward Ball Wakulla Springs State Park is wheelchair accessible and offers wheelchair access to riverboats, access to a manual wheelchair upon request, accessible picnic shelters, and accessible benches.

For more information: https://www.floridastateparks.org/WakullaSprings

Photo Credit: Bobby Putnam

San Marcos de Apalache Historic State Park

Just south of Tallahassee lies a little historic state park waiting to be explored. San Marcos de Apalache Historic State Park was established as a state park in 1964, listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1966, and is a National Historic Landmark and National Engineering Landmark.

The flags flying over San Marcos de Apalache Historic State Park welcome you and are a reminder of those who came before you. Saunter along the self-guided .33 mile interpretive trail through the historic ruins. Look for today’s wild residents including pelicans, anhingas, cormorants, seagulls, ospreys, great blue herons, turtles, sea turtles, manatees, otters, squirrels, and more.

Be sure to make time to visit the museum where you will learn about the history and importance of San Marcos de Apalache Historic State Park located on the Wakulla and St. Marks River junction. First settled by the Apalachee who lived in farming communities, the area later became a trading route. Over the years two military forts and a federal marine hospital were built. Hernando de Soto, Spanish explorers, Britains, pirates, Confederate soldiers, and General Andrew Jackson are just some of the people who have lived at San Marcos or occupied a fort.

Enjoy your meal in the picnic area complete with grills and tables.

For more information about this Historic State Park located in St. Marks, Wakulla County click here:

https://www.floridastateparks.org/…/san-marcos-de…

Photo Credit: Bobby Putnam

National Key Dear Refuge

Established in 1957 to protect and preserve in the national interest the Key deer and other wildlife resources, the 9,200-acre National Key Dear Refuge consists of salt marsh wetlands, mangrove forests, freshwater wetlands, pine rockland forests, and tropical hardwood hammocks. Twenty-three endangered and/or threatened animals and plants live in the refuge.

National Key Dear Refuge is surrounded by saltwater and easily accessible on Big Pine Key. Because of karst bedrock, freshwater is stored in the bedrock’s holes and crevices. This freshwater is necessary for Key Deer and other plant and animal species to thrive.

Visiting National Key Dear Refuge on Big Pine Key:

Drive the Speed Limit. Key Deer and other wildlife share the roads with you.

Be sure to stop at the Visitor Center to learn about how to avoid poisonwood trees and stay safe on a trail where you may encounter snakes and alligators.

Saunter along the trails at The Blue Hole. https://www.imagineourflorida.org/blue-hole/

Discover endangered Bartram’s scrub hairstreak butterflies, endangered Lower Keys marsh rabbits, and the endangered Key Deer. https://www.imagineourflorida.org/key-deer/

There are 40 species of reptiles, including alligators and crocodiles, waiting to be discovered. Look for over 250 migratory and resident bird species, including the rarely seen Mangrove Cuckoo. Snakes, including the threatened Eastern Indigo call the refuge home.

Leashed dogs are welcome.

Learn more here:
https://www.fws.gov/refuge/National_Key_Deer_Refuge/

Photo credit: Dan Kon, Nancy Kon, Christian Kon

Lake Lily

Lake Lily, located in Maitland, is a 10-acre park with a 1/2 mile walking trail around the Lake. Saunter near the lake as you watch for limpkins, green herons, ibises, and a variety of ducks. Sit on one of the many benches and watch squirrels who will keep you smiling with their jumping skills. Listen for birds of prey, crows, and a variety of songbirds.

Lake Lily is open from 8 am until Sunset most days. There is a playground for the kids, a rentable wedding gazebo, and restrooms. Your leashed dog is welcome to enjoy the day with you.

For more information: https://maitland.recdesk.com/Community/Facility/Detail…

Photo credit: Dan Kon

Collier-Seminole State Park

Collier-Seminole State Park, located in Naples, is a 7,271-acre park that offers the opportunity to explore part of the Great Mangrove Swamp of South Florida and an original stand of royal palms. Discover wildlife and wildflowers like those in the Everglades.

Learn about the Bay City Walking Dredge No. 489, a mechanical engineering marvel that walked forward as it dredged limestone to create a road from Tampa0 to Miami.

Collier-Seminole State Park has four wonderful nature trails ranging from less than a mile on the Royal Palm Hammock Nature Trail to the 5.25 mile Strand Swamp Trail. Discover the plants and animals, many imperiled, that live in the park. The park is designated a Great Florida Birding and Wildlife Trail so be sure to bring your camera/binoculars.

Launch your canoe or kayak at the ADA accessible launch. Explore the Blackwater River on the 13.5-mile canoe trail. As you paddle through the mangroves to Blackwater Bay, look for crocodiles, alligators, otters, manatees, and a variety of wading birds.

Primitive camping sites and campsites for your RV and tents are available. There are bike trails, two pavilions, picnic tables, and a playground for your enjoyment. Leashed pets are welcome.

For more information: https://www.floridastateparks.org/…/collier-seminole-state-…

Photo Credit: Ileana Rodriguez

Blue Hole in Big Pine Key

The Blue Hole in the National Key Deer Refuge

Located on Big Pine Key, the Blue Hole offers a short trail and observation deck where you can immerse yourself in nature.

The Blue Hole is a large sinkhole. The sinkhole became a quarry and the limestone was used to construct roads in The Keys as well as Henry Flagler’s Oversea Railroad. After being included in the National Key Deer Refuge, the Blue Hole was replanted with native vegetation and returned to nature.

The water in the blue hole is a freshwater lens. This means that freshwater from rainwater floats on top of the saltwater that lies underneath. The Blue Hole provides a unique ecosystem for the wild plants and wildlife that thrive there.

The Blue Hole is included in the Florida Keys Birding and Wildlife Trail. Look for Key Deer, fish, alligators, turtles, iguanas, and a variety of birds (including wading birds), and snakes.

Sea level rise is an immediate threat to the Blue Hole. Lying only 3 to 6 feet above sea level, freshwater in wetlands in the Keys will become brackish or saltwater habitats if the sea level continues to rise. Mud turtles, marsh rabbits, and endangered Key Deer will be impacted by the loss of freshwater. When we make choices that protect our planet from climate change, we ultimately are protecting Florida and all of its inhabitants.

Photo credit: Dan Kon, Christian Kon

Hidden Waters Preserve

Once known as the Eichelberger Sink, this 90-acre preserve located near Eustis is managed by Lake County Water Authority. Hidden Waters Preserve was established in 1996 to protect the water seepage and Lake Alfred where water slowly seeps into the aquifer.

Hidden Waters Preserve offers 6 trails ranging from 2 miles to 15 miles. Hike the meandering paths through sandhill restoration areas. Notice the newly planted Long-leaf pines and the gopher tortoises who make their burrows there. Water flowing from a seepage slope offers the opportunity to discover various plants and ferns.

The elevational difference between the top of the sink and the bottom is 110 feet. Explore the depression marsh and lake at the bottom of the sink where you will find a variety of plants and wading birds. Bird watchers will be happy to discover some of the more than 35 birds on this designated FWC Statewide Birding Trail.

For more information and trail maps click here: https://www.lcwa.org/land_resources/open_preserves.php

Photo Credit: Dan Kon

Eastern Coral Snake

Eastern Coral snakes, Micrurus fulvius, have a bright, glossy, distinct pattern. Their heads are black and their tails are yellow and black. Red and black rings separated by thin yellow rings make up the rest of their body.

An adult Coral snake will grow to 1 1/2 to 2 1/2 feet long. Prey consists of frogs, lizards, and other snakes. Coral snakes are the only venomous snakes in Florida that are part of the cobra (Elapidae) family, therefore, they lay eggs.

From scrubs to swamps, Eastern Coral snakes can be found in numerous habitats throughout Florida. Because they spend most of their time hiding under logs or underground, an occasional Coral snake sighting can be a wonderful discovery.

A bite from this venomous snake is extremely rare, however, their bites are dangerous to pets and people. Bites occur when the Coral snake is threatened. When you discover a coral snake, simply give it space so we can peacefully coexist.

Photo credit: Dan Kon

BioLab Road

BioLab Road at Merritt Island National Wildlife Refuge.

Take a slow 5.6-mile drive in the comfort of your car on Bio Lab Road in Merritt Island National Wildlife Refuge. It is a one-way road running north to south. With wetlands to your right and the water to your left, you are sure to see plenty of shorebirds. Look for ducks, ibises, egrets, sandpipers, spoonbills, pelicans, herons, and of course, alligators. Be sure to bring your camera and binoculars.

In 1962, NASA purchased 140,000 acres of land located adjacent to Cape Canaveral. The John F. Kennedy Space Center was built complete with launch pads. In 1963, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFW) and NASA entered into an Interagency Agreement. This agreement allowed USFW to establish the land that was unused by NASA as the Merrit Island National Wildlife Refuge.

Established to provide habitat for wildlife diversity, migratory birds, and endangered and threatened species, Merrit Island National Wildlife Refuge consists of scrub, pine flatwoods, hardwood hammocks, saltwater marshes, freshwater impoundments, and coastal dunes. Over 1,500 species of plants and animals including 15 federally listed species make their homes here.

Watch for bobcats, otters, and deer. Lizards, snakes, alligators, and turtles make their homes here. 358 species of birds have been recorded at the refuge. Birds of prey include bald eagles, osprey, red-shouldered hawks, and American kestrels. Look for killdeer, Wilson’s snipes, and ring-billed gulls along the shore. Look up to see blue jays, barn swallows, American robins, pine warblers, and more. Blue herons, ibis, and egrets are plentiful. Ring-necked ducks, blue-winged teals, and wood ducks can be seen swimming in the waters at the refuge. Threatened and endangered species such as the eastern indigo snake, scrub-jay, gopher tortoise, wood stork, West Indian Manatee, and Southeastern Beach Mouse find refuge here.

For more information click here: https://www.fws.gov/refuge/Merritt_Island/

Photo credit: David Gale

Black-necked Stilt

Black-necked stilts, Himantopus mexicanus, are often seen wading in shallow water in search of food such as small crustaceans, amphibians, and small fish. They also enjoy larva, dragonflies, and beetles as well as a few plants and seeds. Look for these unmistakable birds with long, pink legs in wetlands, flooded fields, shallow lakes and ponds, and saltmarshes.

The female chooses the male for mating and together they select a nest site and build the nest. Black-necked stilt nests are located on tiny islands, on floating masses of vegetation, or on the ground near the water. One will dig a hole with its feet and body. A lining of grasses, shells, stones, and other materials are added for 2 – 5 eggs. The couple will both incubate the eggs for nearly a month and raise the chicks until they are ready to be on their own in about a month after hatching.

When Black-necked stilts feel threatened by humans or other animals they will perform a “Popcorn Display.” A group of them will join together and jump up and down while flapping their wings and making loud sounds. They may also use a distraction tactic to lure predators away from their nests.

These beautiful birds face human threats of pesticide run-off and habitat loss. When birdwatching, stay far enough away so you do not disturb them.

Photo credit: Dan Kon

Northern Crested Caracara

Caracaras are in the falcon family and are excellent hunters although they behave a lot like vultures. They are often seen eating carrion or scavaging around campsites. They tend to hunt small vulnerable animals that are injured but will also eat fruit.

These birds are commonly found in central and south America but have found a home at Kissimmee Prairie Preserve State Park. This populate is known as a relict population that was previously found in the vast oak savannas throughout Florida. As those areas were altered through human disturbance, Caracaras found a home at Florida’s largest true prairie.

Sailfin Molly

Sailfin Mollies are super cool little subtropical fish. Males have such a dramatic display with the sail-like fins. They can be found in both fresh and saltwater. Look for them in slow-moving or still freshwater in springs, swamps, creeks, ponds, in the Gulf of Mexico, and in the intercostal. They are charismatic little fish. Sailfin Mollies dine primarily on algae, and snack on crustaceans and aquatic insects.

Big Tree Park

Big Tree Park is a part of the Spring Hammock Preserve and is located in Longwood. It is best known for “The Senator,” a 3500-year-old Bald Cypress tree that was named for Senator Moses O. Overstreet who donated the land. Unfortunately, “The Senator,” which stood 118 feet tall, burned down in 2012. It was the largest Bald Cypress Tree in the United States.

Pass under the big trees as you saunter along the boardwalk over the hydric hammock swamp. The boardwalk is less than 1/2 mile long out and back. Interpretive signs will awe you with information about “The Senator”. Learn about “The Phoenix,” a clone of “The Senator.” Admire the grandeur of “Lady Liberty,” a 2000-year-old Bald Cypress that stands 89 feet tall. Look for alligators, Florida box turtles, five-lined skinks, raccoons, squirrels, and bobcats. Listen for frogs, woodpeckers, and songbirds.

As a trailhead, Big Tree Park offers the opportunity for a longer stroll or bike ride on the Cross Seminole Trail through the forested wetlands of Spring Hammock Preserve. The Cross Seminole Trail is a part of the Florida National Scenic Trail.

Big Tree Park is open from 8 am until dusk. Spend some time at the playground with your kids. Restrooms are nearby. Bring your lunch or a snack to enjoy at one of the picnic tables.

Photo Credit: Dan Kon

Salvinia

Salvinia minima, also known as Water Spangles, is a floating water fern found in Florida’s freshwater swamps, lakes, slow-moving streams, and ponds. Native to tropical America, Salvinia was introduced in Florida from fish tanks and/or tropical gardens where it was used as a decorative aquatic plant.

By cloning itself, Salvinia reproduces quickly. It can be distinguished from native duckweed by its larger leaves and bristles. Salvina is considered highly invasive in Florida.

Cinnamon Teal

Cinnamon Teal Spatula cyanoptera (septentrionalium) –

This beautiful male Cinnamon Teal decided to visit Florida in February. As you can see in the map pictured below, these migratory ducks are native to the western US and Mexico. According to The Cornell Lab, “In western North America, loss of wetlands to agriculture, grazing, and especially the development of human settlements has meant the massive loss of habitat for Cinnamon Teal.”

We are sure this striking bird found plenty to eat in the wetlands at Merrit Island National Wildlife Refuge. There is certainly a wide variety of insects and vegetation year-round in Florida. While it is a rare occurrence, Cinnamon Teals do occasionally make a winter stop in Florida.

Photo Credit: Andy Waldo

Black-bellied Whistling-Duck

Once known as Tree Ducks, the striking Black-bellied Whistling-Ducks, (Dendrocygna autumnalis), are often seen in flocks, sometimes with up to 1000 birds. They can be spotted perching on fences, electric lines, or in Spanish Moss.

Look for Black-bellied Whistling-Ducks near freshwater in areas such as marshes, lagoons, and swamps. They prefer areas with trees and thick vegetation. You may find a flock foraging in a field, mangroves, freshwater ponds or lakes, or your yard. Their diets consist of mostly plants such as grasses, wetland plants, and sedges, as well as agricultural crops such as corn. Snacks include spiders, leeches, beetles, and snails.

Pairs form life-long bonds in the winter. Together, they will select a tree cavity for the nest. The female will lay 9-18 eggs on the debris in the cavity. She may also lay her eggs in the nest of another whistling duck. The incubation period lasts for 25-30 days and the nestling period for 10-13 days. Hatchlings are nearly independent at birth.

As year-round residents of Florida, Black-bellied Whistling-Ducks are rapidly expanding their breeding range northward. Once considered non-migratory, both the northern-most and southern-most populations are now migratory.

Sabal Point Sanctuary

In the Sabal Point neighborhood near Longwood lies 600 acres of wild Florida where wildlife play and wildflowers bloom. Sabal Point Sanctuary, purchased and maintained by Audubon Florida, is a 600+ acre piece of land that has a 1/2 mile frontage on the Little Wekiva and Wekiva Rivers. Together, the sanctuary along with St. Johns Water Management District protects 2500 acres where the rivers meet.

Hike or bike the 3.5-mile trail through the wetlands. Explore the shaded trail and discover deer, otters, and limpkins. Listen for a variety of birds and woodpeckers. The secluded trail provides plenty of opportunities to discover prints from wildlife who make their homes there. Take a moment to admire the beauty of orchids and other wildflowers that thrive in the ecosystem.

The iconic Florida Black Bear occasionally passes through the sanctuary. Most are shy and will be hard to spot. Curious bears may stand up to get a better look at you. You can ask the bear to move along simply by standing tall, raising your hands, clapping, and in a loud stern voice, telling the bear to Go Away.

Take some time to Get Outside and visit this piece of natural Florida. Sabal Point Sanctuary is open every day from sun up to sunset.

For more information: https://fl.audubon.org/conservation/sabal-point

Photo Credit: Andy Waldo

Moss Park

Moss Park, an Orange County park located in Orlando, is a 1551-acre preserved habitat of wildlife and flora located between Lake Mary Jane and Lake Hart. The many hiking trails and roads in Moss Park make it the perfect spot for walks, bicycle trips, and car visits.

Discover Florida sandhill cranes, gopher tortoises, alligators, deer, raccoons, and many other animals. Moss Park also has a hiking trail with beautiful views that leads you to Split Oak Forest, the home to a 200-year-old live oak tree.

Moss Park provides 54 camping zones suitable for RV or tents. All campsites have fire rings, grills, picnic tables, water, and electricity. Moss Park also has five group sites available that can accommodate up to 450 campers when combined. A dock and boat ramps are available for the visitors and a playground is waiting for the kids to enjoy.

The park is open from 8 am to 8 pm every day except Christmas. Only service animals are permitted in Moss Park.

Gather the family and discover all that Moss Park has to offer. Bring your binoculars, a picnic lunch, and immerse yourself in Nature.

For more information: http://www.orangecountyfl.net/CultureParks/Parks.aspx…

Contributor: Steven Marquez – IOF Volunteer
Photo Credit: Steven Marquez

Econ River Wilderness Area

Econ River Wilderness Area
Purchased by Seminole County in 1994, the 240-acre Econ River Wilderness Area is located south of Oviedo on the west side of the Econlockhatchee River.

Explore 3 miles of trails including the 2.2-mile Main Loop Trail and the 1/2-mile Flatwoods Loop Trail. Saunter through pine flatwoods, sandhill, oak hammocks, and river swamp habitats. Rest on one of the benches at the river.

Discover gopher tortoises, great horned owls, northern bobwhites, golden mice,
raccoons, fox squirrels, white-tailed deer, bobcats, river otters, and more who make their homes in the wilderness area.

Put on your hiking shoes, bring your horse or bike, your dog on a leash, and enjoy your day in the wilderness from sunrise to sunset. Join the nearly 40,000 people who visit the Econ River Wilderness Area each year. Don’t forget your camera.

For more information: http://www.seminolecountyfl.gov/…/Econ-River-Wilderness-Are…
Photo Credit – David Gale

Lower Suwanee National Wildlife Refuge

Lower Suwanee National Wildlife Refuge –
From a Commodity to a National Treasure

Before being logged at least seven times, the area near the gulf coast in Dixie and Levy counties was made up of swamps and lush forests. In the 20th century, a few people realized the monetary value the land could yield and planted non-native pines in rows for easy harvesting. The native wildlife and wild plants suffered when their natural ecosystems were destroyed to make way for the timber industry.

By the early 2000s, the damage to the forest and surrounding areas was acknowledged and restoration of the area began with the replacement of the non-native trees. Longleaf pine and wiregrass were re-planted in areas where they grew long ago. Brazilian free-tail bats and Rafinesque’s big-eared bats have been encouraged to move back to their native land with the addition of man-made bat houses. Native pollinators are once again in abundance with the help of recently planted wildflowers, a pollinator garden, and bee blocks.

The Lower Suwannee National Wildlife Refuge was established to protect the water quality of the Suwannee River. It consists of 53,000 acres, 30 miles of Gulf coastline, and the last 20 miles of the nostalgic Suwanee River.

Because the Suwannee feeds the estuarine waters of the Gulf of Mexico, it once again supports habitat for several species including native and migratory birds, otters, fish, and more. Threatened gopher tortoises dig their burrows in the longleaf pine forests while finding food among the wiregrass. Alligators, fiddler crabs, salamanders, and more have once again made their homes in the swamps. Eagles, minks, box turtles, and the endangered salt marsh vole thrive on their native lands. Deer, coyotes, foxes, bobcats, and bears find an abundance of food, ample areas to frolic, and safe places to sleep in their natural habitat.

The Lower Suwannee National Wildlife Refuge is teeming with life so it’s no wonder that the most popular activity is wildlife viewing. Drive slowly through Main Loop Road, an easy ride over lime rock. Hiking is permitted in all public areas of the refuge. Bicycling is permitted in designated areas. The River Trail is shaded and leads to the Suwanee River. The Dixie Mainline and Nature Drive Trails wind through uplands, swamps, and tidal creeks before reaching the coast. There are boardwalks, foot trails, observation decks, archaeological sites, and paddling trails in the refuge.

Open from sunrise to sunset, the Lower Suwannee National Wildlife Refuge is waiting to be explored. Plan a day with your leashed dog and let us know what you discover.

For more information including maps and seasonal information: https://www.fws.gov/refuge/Lower_Suwannee/

Photo Credit: Dan Kon, Nancy Kon, Andy Waldo

Lake Apopka

Lake Apopka—-

Located in the middle of the state northwest of Orlando, Lake Apopka is the fourth largest lake in the State of Florida. In the 1940s, Lake Apopka was a famous fishing area with more than 15 fishing camps around its shores. The lake was once so clear that one could fish by sight alone. Pitifully, the lake lost its charm and fish population due to the pollution caused by pesticides poured in the lake for 50 years by vegetable farms located along the shore. The pollution of the lake did not only decrease the population of fish but also the number of birds and plants in the area.

The pesticides poured by farmers into the lake introduced a high amount of phosphorus and nitrogen into the water and soil of Lake Apopka. The phosphorus is particularly polluting because it spawns algae blooms that cover the surface and keeps solar light and nutrients from getting to the bottom of the lake, causing the fish and flora below to die.

In the late 1900s, the Florida State Government bought the farmlands in an effort to reverse the damages caused to the ecosystem of the lake. Because Lake Apopka flows through the Apopka-Beauclair Canal and into Lakes Beauclair and Dora, the pollution in this lake is not an issue that regards only the Lake Apopka community. Many agencies, including Friends of Lake Apopka St. Johns River Water Management District, have helped restore and protect the habitat around the area.

The restoring process began by removing bottom-feeding gizzard shad fish, a type of fish that feeds on phosphorus, and replacing them with 1.5 million bass. If the population of gizzard shad decreases, so does the amount of phosphorus in the water. Thousands of acres on the shore have been turned into natural water filters that allow water to flow in off the lake and come back out cleaner than when it entered. Through the end of 2019, the natural filters, or marsh flow-way, alone have removed 65,174 pounds of phosphorus, 130,617,645 pounds of suspended solids, and 2,312,493 pounds of nitrogen from the lake. The water that flows from the lake to the marsh flow-way is brought back to the lake by pumps. Replanting native wetland species of vegetation in the water along the lake’s shoreline has also helped restore fish and wildlife habitat.

As the habitat is restored, more and more wildlife will also linger in the area. A variety of birds have returned and Lake Apopka now has one of the greatest diversities of bird species in North America. Lake Apopka has a Loop Trail that follows the lake’s edge covering more than 20 miles available for hiking and biking. The North Shore property also has a trail suitable for hiking, biking, and horseback riding on Clay Island, with four observation towers.

Another special attraction of this property is the Lake Apopka Wildlife Drive. The drive is a one-way, 11-mile drive through the property. During the trip, you can spot different types of animals and plants. It begins at Lust Road and ends on Jones Avenue in Orange County, Florida. Dogs are allowed but must be leashed at all times. Stopping is limited to designated pull-outs provided along the length of the drive. Also, keep in mind that no drinking water is provided in the park.

Thanks to the restoration, bobcats, bald eagles, great blue herons, otters, and alligators can be regularly spotted, so visiting Lake Apopka is a great opportunity to get outside, explore, and discover.

Author: Steven Márquez

Photo credit: Steven Marquez

References:

Mangrum, Meghan. “Cautionary Tale: 20 years later, Lake Apopka is a 48-square-mile lesson in the importance of keeping pollution out of Florida’s waters in the first place.” Project Blue Ether.

St. Johns River Water Management District. “Lake Apopka North Shore.” SJRWMD.

St. Johns River Water Management District. “Aquatic plants tell us Lake Apopka’s water quality is improving.” SJRWMD.

Von Ancken, Erik. “How Lake Apopka went from Florida’s most polluted lake to the most promising.” Click Orlando. 24 August 2018.

WTFV 9. “9 Investigates cost of bringing Lake Apopka back to life.” WTFV. 17 February 2017.

Lower Wekiva River Preserve State Park

Immerse yourself in Nature along the Wekiva River and Blackwater Creek at Lower Wekiva River Preserve State Park. Located in Sanford, Seminole County, the wetlands and blackwater streams are home to sandhill cranes, wood storks, river otters, turtles, fish, alligators, and Florida black bears.

Stroll along the Sand Hill Nature Trail. Interpretive signs guide you as you admire the beauty of the native plants and enjoy the antics of the wildlife. Lower Wekiva River Preserve State Park is a wonderful outdoor space to bike, jog, or walk. Be sure to stop along the way for some birding.

Paddle through the park on the Wekiva River, which has been designated a National Wild and Scenic River. Launch your paddleboard, canoe, or kayak at Katie’s Landing, where you will find picnic tables, grills, and restrooms.

Equestrians appreciate the 26 miles of multi-use trails at Fechtel Tract, where they can ride through rainy-season creeks and streams, hydric hammocks, and open pastures. Water troughs, stalls, a coral and a mountain block is available for your horse. Stay the day, or spend a night or more at one of the primitive campsites. Grills and picnic tables are also available for you. Be sure to carry proof of a negative Coggins test.

Pets on a six-foot handheld leash are welcome, with the exception of primitive camping areas.

For more information: https://www.floridastateparks.org/parks-and-trails/lower-wekiva-river-preserve-state-park

Photo Credit: Andy Waldo

Withlacoochee State Forest

Withlacoochee State Forest has been named one of the “10 Coolest Places You’ve Never Been in North America” by the World Wildlife Fund. Managed by the Florida Forest Service, the Withlacoochee State Forest is located on U.S. Highway 41 approximately seven miles north of the town of Brooksville and 50 miles north of Tampa and is a nature lovers paradise.

Hike, bike, or horseback ride on miles of trails, or simply drive through the forest. Paddle the winding Withlacoochee River, Little Withlacoochee River, and Jumper Creek, all of which have been recognized as Outstanding Florida Waters.

Notice the variety of trees at Withlacoochee State Forest. Discover southern magnolias, oaks, maples, gums, slash pine, longleaf pine, pond cypress, bald cypress, and hickory. Blooming blazing stars, goldenrod, thistle, and more will greet you along the way.

Withlacoochee State Forest is teeming with wildlife. The forest is part of The Great Florida Birding and Wildlife Trail and is designated a Florida Scenic Trail. Listen and look for fox squirrels, white-tailed deer, gopher tortoises, rabbits, gray squirrels, wild turkeys, sandhill cranes, hawks, bald eagles, and owls.

Croom Motorcycle Area provides 2,600 acres of off-road facilities for motorcycle and ATV enthusiasts.

For those who want to take their time and explore all of Withlacoochee State Forest campgrounds are available. There are several primitive campgrounds for those who want a more rustic experience. The Tillis Hill Day Use Area is a perfect place for larger gatherings. A pavilion, commercial-sized grill/smoker, and dining hall are available for cooking and feeding your guests. There are 3 pavilions and numerous picnic tables waiting for you to enjoy your picnic at McKethan Lake.

Leashed pets are allowed in some areas. Be sure to stop at the Withlacoochee State Forest Visitor Center for maps, current conditions, and more.

For more information: https://www.fdacs.gov/…/State-Fo…/Withlacoochee-State-Forest

Photo Credit: Aymee Laurain

Everglades National Park

Here are no lofty peaks seeking the sky, no mighty glaciers or rushing streams wearing away the uplifted land. Here is land, tranquil in its quiet beauty, serving not as the source of water, but as the last receiver of it.

~ President Harry Truman

Everglades National Park is the largest subtropical wilderness in the US. Its 1.5 million acres include swamps, marshes. mangroves, hardwood hammocks, pinelands, sawgrass, and slough ecosystems. It is designated an International Biosphere Reserve, a World Heritage Site, a Wetland of International Importance, and a protected area under the Cartagena Treaty.

Once measuring 11,000 square miles, the Everglades contained a slow-moving sheet of water which balanced the ecosystem in southern Florida. Colonial settlers saw the area as farmland. Developers found it suitable for development. In the early 1900s, the wetland was being drained for development. Years of human interference in this natural landscape severely damaged the ecosystem and imperiled the animals and plants who once thrived there.

Everglades National Park was established in 1947 at the insistence of scientists and conservationists to conserve the remaining natural landscape. Animal and plant species found only in the Everglades became protected. Many of the Everglades’ ecosystems are fire-dependent, therefore, a fire regime is in place. Prescribed burns not only assure that the animals and plants will survive but also thrive in their homeland. In 1977, Congress named 86% of the park the Marjory Stoneman Douglas Wilderness in honor of her relentless work on behalf of protecting the Everglades. There are 21 protected species in the wilderness and 1/3 of the area is submerged.

Everglades National Park provides boundless opportunities for research. Current research includes the study of invasive plants and animals as well as wildlife and hydraulic monitoring. Located on the edge of the Atlantic ocean that is experiencing sea level rise, the Everglades is the perfect place to study the changes already caused by Climate Change as well as future changes that are certain to occur.

Everglades National Park is waiting for you to explore the ecosystems and discover the endemic and legally protected animal and plant species. Look for abundant alligators, white-tailed deer, and bobcats. Discover rare and endangered species such as American Crocodiles, Florida Panthers, and West Indian Manatees.

There is plenty to explore and discover at Everglades National Park. Guided tours, boating, and hiking are wonderful ways to learn about the park. Camping sites are available for RV’s and tents. For the more adventurous, Marjory Stoneman Douglas Wilderness offers primitive camping complete with dark night skies for stargazing.

Temperatures average 53°F to 77°F from December through April. May through November is the wet season when the humidity and temperatures are high. There are 4 entrances, each with their own unique areas to explore. Be sure to click on the link below to plan your trip.

For more information:

https://www.nps.gov/ever/index.htm

Photo Credit: Aymee Laurain

Eastern Cottontail

The Eastern Cottontail (Sylvilagus floridanus) is best known for the white puffy fur on its tail’s underside. Cottontails grow to 14 – 17 inches in length and weigh two to four pounds. Their cotton-like tail is most noticeable when they hop.

Cottontails can be found in woodlands, fields, briar patches, bushy areas, and yards. They are herbivores often seen dining on clover, grasses, and other green vegetation. When greens are not available, Cottontails will seek out young woody shoots and bark. You will often see these solitary rabbits in the early morning or evening.

Breeding can occur any time during the year but happens most often in February through September. In about a month, the mother cottontail will give birth to a litter of 4 – 7 rabbit kittens. Female Cottontails can produce 3-4 litters each year.

Cottontails will stand on their hind feet to look for predators such as hawks, foxes, coyotes, or weasels. When one is spotted, these speedy rabbits can run up to 15 miles an hour and hop distances of up to 15 feet in a single leap.

Your Neighborhood

In Your Neighborhood

Get outside. Stroll through your neighborhood. Connect with Nature.
Listen to the leaves rustling in the wind and the birds chirping among the branches. Admire the beauty of a dead tree or limb while considering the wildlife who depend on them.
Look for tiny wildflowers peeking from under a shrub. Pause for a few minutes and immerse yourself in the busy life of a bug or an ant colony. Our wild friends are as curious about us as we are of them. When you meet one, cherish the moment.
Inhale deeply. Exhale all of your negative thoughts. Let your cares be swept away on the wings of a bird soaring with the wind.

Photo credit: Dan Kon

Carolina Wren

Quietly sit outside, and you will likely see a pair of busy Caroline Wrens. They are common in backyards and open woods. Listen, and you will hear their song, often with the male producing resonant melodies while the female chirps along.

Carolina Wrens (Thryothorus ludovicianus) dine on caterpillars, beetles, grasshoppers, crickets, spiders, larvae, and other insects, as well as fruit, seeds, and berries. They use their bills to search for food while hopping or flying on or near the ground. They forage together near the safety of shrubs or bushes in gardens, thickets, brush piles, barks of trees and limbs, and may occasionally stop at your birdfeeder for a treat.

Mated for life, Carolina Wrens will defend their permanent territory. They work together to construct their nest where they will raise 3 broods of 4-8 young each year. Their nests can be found in tree holes, branches, stumps, and brushes. They can also be found in mailboxes, window boxes, garages, artificial wreaths hung on your front door, and a variety of other human-provided safe nesting spots. The couple builds the nest out of twigs, leaves, and weeds with a side opening and oftentimes, with a domed roof. The female lines the nest with soft materials of grass, moss, feathers, animal hair, and/or snakeskin. The male brings meals to the female while she incubates the eggs for two weeks. Both parents feed the chicks for two weeks before they leave the nest.

Has a Carolina Wren pair claimed your yard as their permanent territory?

Photo Credit Andy Waldo

Your Yard

Connect with Nature in your own backyard.
Walk around and appreciate what is blooming, the little crawling critters, and the pollinators flitting or buzzing from flower to flower.
Sit on the ground, play in the dirt, and meet what life abounds there.
Grab a lawn chair, and sit in your front yard. Be still and listen to the birds. Look up to see who is perched in the trees and who is soaring overhead.
Be one with Nature or ask a family member or friend to join you. Two sets of eyes on the lookout for wildlife is a good thing and the benefit from socializing will be a much-needed reprieve.

Photo credit: Andy Waldo

Green Anole

Green Anoles (Anolis carolinensis) are native to Florida. They are found in natural and suburban areas throughout our entire state.

Adult Green Anoles grow to 5-8 inches long. Males have a solid pink throat fan known as a dewlap. Anoles can quickly change from bright green to a dull brown color to blend into their surroundings. Their favorite foods are roaches, beetles, flies, spiders, and other small invertebrates, which makes them beneficial to your garden.

You may find these lizards hiding in shingles, under tree bark, or in rotting logs in cool weather. In warmer weather, look for them basking in plants, on fence tops, or on rooftops. Females lay single, round eggs in rotting wood or moist soil throughout warmer months. The tiny lizards emerge from their eggs, looking like miniature adults.

The biggest threat to Green Anoles is the introduced Cuban brown anole. Because they are great climbers, Green Anoles move vertically up in their habitat, which allows them to decrease competition by claiming the higher habitat among the trees as their own.

Kissimmee Prairie Preserve State Park

“This park is like nothing else in Florida. Being able to see the stars at night in unbelievable detail was absolutely worth the trip.” Jonathan Holmes, IOF Contributor

There is a place in Florida that is world-renowned for stargazing. Designated as a Dark Sky Park due to the absence of light pollution, the stars and planets can be enjoyed the way nature intended.

Located in Okeechobee, Kissimmee Prairie Preserve State Park is part of the headwaters to the Everglades and is the largest remaining dry prairie ecosystem in Florida. Once spanning coast to coast and from Lake Okeechobee to Kissimmee, the prairie has been reduced to a mere 10% of its original expanse.

Throughout the years, humans have altered the prairie to suit their needs. The State Park is working to restore the land to pre-European influence. Over 70 miles of ditches and canals have been restored to swales and sloughs. Old plow lines are slated for reconditioning, and a cattle pasture will be restored to native shrubs and grasses. As a fire and flood dependent ecosystem, these efforts will allow the prairie to thrive once again.

The most famous resident of the prairie is the Florida Grasshopper Sparrow. Critically endangered, the sparrows rely on a healthy prairie ecosystem for survival. Crested Caracaras, Burrowing Owls, Wood Storks, Swallow-Tail Kites, and White-Tail Kites find refuge at the park. Watch for Bald Eagles, White-tailed Deer, and Indigo Snakes. Native wildflowers are abundant. Look for Blazing Stars, Yellow Bachelors Buttons, Meadow Beauty, Pipewort, and Alligator Lilies.

There is plenty to do at Kissimmee Prairie Preserve. Hiking, horseback riding, and biking are wonderful ways to experience Nature up close. Camping, primitive camping, and equestrian camping are offered for those who want to spend the night. A ranger-led prairie buggy tour and an astronomy pad are spectacular ways to enjoy the park.

For reservations, times, fees, and more click here:
https://www.floridastateparks.org/…/kissimmee-prairie-prese…

Photo Credit – Jonathan Holmes

Viera Wetlands

– Viera Wetlands –

One mile of shoreline, wildflowers, and birds draw over 200,000 people each year to the Ritch Grissom Memorial Wetlands which is commonly known as Viera Wetlands. Named in honor of a long-time Brevard County employee and awarded a grant by the Florida Wildflower Foundation, the wetlands are a popular destination for ecotourists, birders, photographers, and wildflower enthusiasts.

There are 200 acres to explore at Viera Wetlands. Walk or bike around the berms. Enjoy the scenery from your car as you leisurely drive no more than 10 mph along the one way, unpaved road. (The road is occasionally closed to vehicles when too wet.) Revel in the beauty of wildflowers along the banks of the lakes and ponds. Notice the different plants in dry areas as well as those in wet areas. The plants work together to stabilize the soils without the need for fertilizers and irrigation. What pollinators will you discover?

Birds abound at Viera Wetlands which is included in the Great Florida Birding Trail. Get a better view of the wetlands from the observation tower. Keep your eyes open otters, marsh rabbits, and raccoons who make their homes there along with an abundance of amphibians and reptiles. Look for beautiful butterflies and striking Painting Buntings.

For more information, click here: https://viera.com/attractions/viera-wetlands…

-Photo Credit – Andy Waldo

Wakodahatchee Wetlands

“Nice morning walk warm-up. I loved seeing all the Florida pond apples. A plethora of water birds. Definitely bring your camera when you stop here.” Bobby Putnam

Located in suburban Delray Beach, Wakodahatchee Wetlands is the perfect place for a morning walk. A 3/4 mile boardwalk makes it easy to stroll leisurely through 3 of the wetland’s ponds. There are benches and gazebos to sit and enjoy the views. Interpretive signs will help you learn about the history and ecology of the wetlands as well as water purification.

Wakodahatchee Wetlands, a Seminole Indian word meaning “created waters,” was built by Palm Beach County Water Utilities Department to act as a natural filter for about 2 million gallons per day of treated reclaimed water. While cleansing the water, the wetlands provide a home for an abundance of wildlife.

Forested wetlands, marsh areas, ponds, and islands have been designed to attract an abundance of birds and other wildlife. Part of the Great American Birding Trail, Wakodahatchee Wetlands boasts sightings of178 species of birds. Raccoons, rabbits, otters, frogs, turtles, and alligators call these wetlands home. Native plants are used as buffers to hide human neighborhoods.

Grab your camera and take a ride to Delray Beach. Wakodahatchee Wetlands is open to the public from sunrise to 6 p.m. (depending on the season), seven days a week.
For more information, visit: http://www.visitdelraybeach.org/pla…/wakodahatchee-wetlands/

Photo Credit – Bobby Putnam

Bobcat

The Florida Bobcat (Felidae Rufus Floridanusare) is one of two predatory cats native to the Florida region. Despite being the only two native wild cats to Florida, Bobcats and Florida Panthers diverged from two different lineages. Bobcats are a species of lynx. The lynx line diverged from a common ancestor 7.2 mya. The Puma lineage which the panther diverged from did not appear until 6.7 mya. Twice the size of domestic cats and weighing 12-28 pounds, Bobcats are often mistaken for the larger endangered Florida Panther.

Florida Bobcats are immediately identifiable by their short tails or bobs. Fringes of fur outline the sides of their heads. Their tails have white on the underside and black markings on the top side. They have spots of white fur on all parts of their body which can range in color from reddish-brown to grey.

Female bobcats require approximately 5 square miles of range while males require 15 to 30 square miles. The mating season occurs from August to March with the peak time occurring in February and March. The den can consist of a hollow tree, cave, rock outcropping, or other open shelters. Dense shrub thickets and saw palmetto provide cover for private dens. One to four spotted or mottled kittens are born in the early spring. Coyotes effectively regulate the Bobcat population when they prey on cubs. Florida Bobcats live up to 14 years.

Bobcats can swim and climb trees with ease, two factors that prevent them from falling prey to natural enemies besides human hunters. Bobcats usually hunt at night but can often be spotted during the day. Dinner consists of birds, carrion, rats, rabbits, raccoons, opossums, and squirrels. Towhees, thrashers, catbirds, and other ground-dwelling birds provide winter treats. Florida Bobcats play an important role in the ecosystems they inhabit by helping to control their prey animals’ populations.

This native species is abundant in Florida and can be found in forests, swamps, and hammocks. Though bobcats are stealthy, elusive, and show no interest in people, they are often seen in suburban yards and even city streets from time to time.

Bobcats typically do not approach humans but will do so if fed and taught to associate people with food. When living with Bobcats, we must do our part—secure chickens and other small pets in an enclosed pen. Domestic cats and dogs should not be left alone in your yard or on a screened porch. Always walk your dog on a leash. With just a little common sense, we can truly coexist with these magnificent cats.

Connect Respect Coexist

Photo Credit – Lynn Marie

Lyonia Preserve

Lyonia Preserve is a hidden gem located in Deltona, Volusia County. It is a 360 acre restored scrub ecosystem with three clearly marked hiking trails and an educational center. Named for the Rusty Lyonia, a scrub plant, this imperiled Florida ecosystem is found on a high sandy ridge with open areas of white sand, low vegetation, dwarf oak trees, and few tall trees.

Three trails meander through the Preserve where you will experience more than 164 species of plants and 124 species of animals including Florida mice, gopher tortoises, gopher frogs, and many other species of birds, mammals, and insects. Located on The Great American Birding Trail, you may see white-eyed Vireos, Eastern Towhees, Common Nighthawks. and many more so bring your binoculars and camera.

This Preserve had been restored and maintained as scrub habitat for threatened Florida Scrub-Jays. Scrub Jays are endemic to Florida and depend on scrub habitats for survival. Scrub Jays are not shy birds. They are curious about people and may even approach you.

The Lyonia Preserve has no shade so come prepared. Bring water, sunscreen, and close-toed shoes for the soft, sandy trails. There is a covered picnic pavilion to enjoy your picnic lunch before visiting the Educational Center.

The Educational Center shares the complex with the Deltona Library. It features an outdoor amphitheater, classrooms, ecological exhibits, fresh and saltwater habitats as well as native and non-native reptiles and mammals. The Center offers insights and education into this fragile scrub ecosystem and the animals and plants who live there.

Photo Credit: Lourdes Brown

onia

Purple Gallinule

Plumage in shades of purple, teal, indigo, and olive, along with a yellow-tipped red bill and bright yellow legs, make this bird hard to miss. Purple gallinules (Porphyrio martinicus) are noisy rails that are most often found near freshwater marshes, ponds, and swamps. You may find them swimming, walking on lily pads, or in the branch of a tree.

In the spring and summer, a pair of Purple Gallinules will build one or more nests at or above the water level. The nests are supported by strong vegetation at the water’s edge and are made of grasses, cattails, and other vegetation found nearby. Raising babies is a family affair. Both the male and female incubate 5-10 eggs for 22-25 days. Once hatched, the mother, father, and older siblings help feed the babies until they are 9 weeks old and able to fly.

Purple Gallinules are omnivorous. You may find them pecking the ground like a chicken as they forage along the shore for fruit, seeds, insects, worms, or snails. They will nod their head in the water while looking for tasty aquatic greens or a fish dinner.

When you see a Purple Gallinule, spend some time watching this gorgeous bird with quirky movements. Note how their feathers appear to change color when they move from sunshine to shade. You will be amazed at how the Purple Gallinule’s brilliant colors perfectly blend into Florida’s wetlands.

Photo Credit: Andy Waldo

Eastern Hognose Snake

Eastern Hognose Snakes (Heterodon platirhinos) are found throughout Florida, with the exception of the Keys. Their habitat is diverse and includes scrub, sandhills, turkey oak woodlands, hardwood hammocks, pine woodlands, meadows, and even cultivated fields. Hognose snakes secrete a mild venom that is toxic to their prey. They are not known to cause serious injuries to humans; however, some people may show signs of an allergy if bitten.

Hognose snakes are thick-bodied and vary in color from solid gray or black to various shades of brown, yellow, orange, olive, or red with large, randomly shaped markings. The underside can be off-white, gray, or yellow, with the bottom side of the tail lighter in color. An average adult grows to 20-35 inches. Hognose snakes breed in spring. Females lay 15-25 leathery eggs in sandy soil or under logs. In 1-2 months, the hatchlings break free of their eggs and are 6 1/2 to 9 1/2 inches long.

Active only during daylight hours, Hognose snakes use their blunt noses to search through soil and leaf litter for their meals. They may dine on frogs, insects, salamanders, and invertebrates, but toads are their favorite dinner. When a toad is threatened, it will puff itself up. Immune to the toad’s poison, Hognose snakes are equipped with rear fangs, which enable them to pop the toad-like a balloon before swallowing it whole.

Eastern Hognose Snakes are best known for their dramatic display when warding off danger. Also known as a Puff Adder, a hognose snake will suck in air, flatten its head, rise like a cobra, and hiss when a threat is detected. With its mouth closed, it may strike. If this display does not scare away the predator, the hognose will flip itself over and imitate death. It may convulse, regurgitate, and emit foul-smelling fecal matter before becoming completely still with its mouth open and tongue hanging out. When the danger passes, the Hognose snake will simply roll over and get on with enjoying its day.

Photo Credit: Andy Waldo

Old Miakka Preserve

Named after a settlement in the 1840s, Old Miakka Preserve contains four miles of trails, including scrub habitat, pinewood flatwood, and wetlands. The preserve is abundant in flowering plants with numerous pollinators and occasional gopher tortoises. One of the trails is named after Horticulturalist Tim Cash, who spent years studying plants within the preserve. If you are looking for a calm trail with lots of sunshine and flowers, visit Old Miakka Preserve in Sarasota, FL.

For more information: https://www.scgov.net/Home/Components/FacilityDirectory/FacilityDirectory/547/4327?cftype=FacilityDirectory

Photo credit: Aymee Laurain

Gray Fox

The Gray Fox is a member of the dog family, Canidae. This fox is common in Florida and can be found statewide except for the Keys. Their preferred habitat is dense cover in thickets, forests, or swamps.

The Gray Fox is also known as the Tree Fox as they are the only fox species that climb trees to evade predators and hunt prey. Gray foxes climb in a scrambling motion, grasping the tree trunk with their forepaws and forcing themselves higher with long claws on their hind feet.

Gray Fox’s diet consists of small mammals, insects, fruits, acorns, birds, amphibians, reptiles, carrion, and eggs. Due to their ability to climb, squirrels are an important source of food. Rabbits, mice, and rats are their preferred food.

The upper side of their bodies is salt and pepper gray. The nose and the sides of its muzzle are black. A black line extends from the corner of their eyes to their neck. The sides of their neck, backs, legs, the underside of their tails, and the base of their ears are all bright reddish-orange. A black stripe runs along the bushy tail, which measures 11 to 16 Inches. Gray Foxes grow to a height of 15 inches and 21 to 30 inches in body length. They weigh 7 to 13 pounds.

Gray Fox dens are located in hollow logs, ground burrows, beneath boulders, and even under buildings in areas where the foxes have become acclimated to people. The breeding season occurs from late January to March. Females give birth to 3-7 dark-brown, blind pups after 50 to 55 days. The male stays with his mate to care for the young, which are weaned at about 2 months. By 3 months, they leave the den with their parents, who teach them to hunt. They stay with their parents until late summer or fall.

Photo Credit: Broward County Parks and Recreation Division
Gray Fox at Highlands Scrub Natural Area, Pompano Beach.

Black Vulture

The Black Vulture, Coragyps atratus, is smaller than the Turkey Vulture, although it still is a large raptor. They have a dull black head and body with wrinkles covering their head and face. The tips of their bills are gray, and their legs are pale white. Black Vultures have a wingspan of 54 inches, and their wings have white tips on the underside. They weigh 3 to 5 pounds and stand 22 inches tall. While in flight, they will hold their wings flat and flap them more often than the Turkey Vulture.

Black Vultures are monogamous, often not straying far from their mate. Females will lay 1 to 4 egg clutches between February and June in caves, hollow logs, or thickets. Although they do not build nests, they will dig a hollow and put vegetation around to secure. The nesting period can be up to 100 days, with the eggs hatching within 40 days. Together, they will feed their young for up to 8 months. This dependence helps establish the strong social bonds these birds exhibit.

As carrion eaters, they are often found in landfills or along roadways where they feed on roadkill. They will usually return to known food sources instead of actively hunting. Black Vultures do not have the keen sense of smell that other vultures have and must find their food by sight. You will find them roosting in tall trees or on electrical pylons where they can easily spot food in open areas.

The Black Vulture is protected under Federal Law and can not be killed without a permit from the US Fish and Wildlife Service.

Photo Credit: Dan Kon

Pileated Woodpeckers

Did you know that the Pileated Woodpecker (Dryocopus pileatus) is one of North America’s largest woodpeckers? It is hard to miss with a black body, a red crest, white stripes on its neck, and black and white stripes on its face. Pileated Woodpeckers love to eat insects, fruits, and nuts. A large part of their diet is made up of carpenter ants and beetle larvae. This is why they are always knocking on trees and wood, sensing a ‘hollow area’ where the insects may be. Once they have located their dinner, they use their bill to drill into the wood and use their long sticky tongues to drag out the insects. Sometimes they will expand the holes they create looking for food and make a roost inside the tree to lay their eggs. Tended by both mom and dad, the little hatchlings will be ready to fledge within 1 month. Males and females are similar, but males have a red forehead, and females have a gray to a yellowish-brown forehead. If you hear knocking outside, be sure to look up and see if you can spot a stunning Pileated Woodpecker.

American Alligator

American Alligators (Alligator mississippiensis) are found across Florida. These large, water-dwelling reptiles have a powerful bite and should be treated with extreme respect. They will generally seek to swim away if approached. However, if they think their young are in danger or if they feel threatened, they will strike out at the perceived danger. Alligators have round snouts, range between 9.5 to 15 feet, weigh as much as 1000 lbs. and have a maximum speed of 20 mph in the water. The alligator is a rare success story of an endangered species not only saved from extinction but that is now thriving. State and federal protections, habitat preservation efforts, and reduced demand for alligator products have improved the species’ wild population to more than one million today. They live nearly exclusively in freshwater rivers, lakes, swamps, and marshes. The hatchlings are usually 6 to 8 inches long with yellow and black stripes. Juveniles fall prey to dozens of predators, including birds, raccoons, bobcats, and other alligators, so they will stay with their mothers for about two years. They are opportunists and will eat just about anything, carrion, pets, and, in rare instances, humans. They feed mainly on fish, turtles, snakes, and small mammals. Adult alligators are apex predators critical to the biodiversity of their habitat.

Alligators get a bad reputation, but as long as we respect them from a distance, we have no reason to fear them. Alligators have ears directly behind their eyes. Do you see that part that looks like this alligator’s eyes are smiling? That’s its ear. The structure of the ear is designed to pinpoint sound rather than hear a vast amount of sound.

Female alligators lay between 32-50 eggs. If these eggs are hatched in the wild and not a hatchery, there is a chance that only a few eggs will survive. Predators such as birds, snakes, raccoons, otters, bobcats, bass, and other alligators can eat their eggs. According to FWC, an average of 25 eggs will hatch, but only about 10 alligators will survive their first year. These eggs and small gators become food so that other species can survive. In turn, large alligators may eat these same animals to ensure their survival. It’s all about balancing out populations.

If you see an alligator, don’t touch it. Take a few pictures and observe from a distance. In most cases, if you get too close, an alligator maybe become afraid and swim away. Alligators wait patiently for animals to come near and then use all their energy at once to take down their prey. This is one way they conserve energy.

Check out this awesome video about alligators that is written and produced by IOF volunteers and Valencia students Samantha Householder and Sydney Householder. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mKS-8XOAzdQ

White Ibis (American)

The American White Ibis is a very common bird. You may have seen a group of them passing through your yard using their beak to probe for insects. The males tend to be larger with longer beaks. They breed along the Gulf Coast, and when not breeding, they drift further inland and to the Caribbean. These birds are monogamous, and both parents help to take care of the young. Aside from garbage, the larges threat to these birds is methylmercury that leaks into the environment. This alters the hormones in the birds and interferes with their reproduction and breeding. Methylmercury concentrations are increased when waste and fossil fuels are burned. Reservoir flooding can also cause an increase. This chemical is neurotoxic and also inhibits part of the endocrine system. It prevents males from producing sex hormones that would lead to courtship behaviors. Courtship behaviors are significant in most birds. Without these behaviors, the females will not find an interest in the males, and reproduction will not occur. It can also lead to females abandoning their nests and reduced foraging.

Other threats include harvesting their food sources such as crayfish, hunting, habitat degradation, and other chemical uses. If you see these birds passing through, know that they will help your yard by removing pest insects. If you see smaller brown ibis, those are juveniles.

Power Lines and Birds

Director, Dan Kon was driving through his neighborhood when he saw a young man on a bike who was stopped and staring woefully at a large bird of prey lying on the sidewalk.

Post by Dan:
I stopped to see if the teen and the animal were ok but the turkey vulture was dead. The teen told me he was riding his bike when the bird fell from a tree above and landed on the sidewalk in front of him.
I looked up and saw feathers on the power line above. Either the poor vulture was electrocuted or had fallen from the tree above and made contact with the line on the way down I took several pictures including the pole number and street signs nearby.

I immediately called Duke Energy. The person I spoke with was compassionate and determined to get any potential problem with the power line repaired. She asked for the street and pole number, then promptly scheduled a lineman to be sure the line was safe so no other wildlife could be harmed.

The Duke Energy Representative informed me that dry rot of the insulation, animal’s talons, or sometimes squirrels who tear off some of the insulation, will expose the live wire beneath.

A few days later, I followed up and learned the lineman did inspect the power line and it was not in need of repair. While I did not learn what caused the death of this creature, I did learn that Duke Energy is responsive to keeping our wild friends safe.

Duke Energy asked that if any you who are their customer see an issue like this, please report it to them as soon as possible. Be sure to write down or take a picture of the pole number, located on a tag on the pole, as well as nearby street signs. The company does not want Florida’s wildlife and flora harmed.

It’s good to see a company as large as Duke Energy has joined the worldwide movement to protect our wildlife.

Connect. Respect. Coexist.

How to Save a Gopher Tortoise who is crossing the street

Safely remove the tortoise from the road and move him/her in the direction in he/she was heading to the grass or wooded area on the side of the street.

-DO NOT put a tortoise in water. Tortoises, unlike turtles, can’t swim.

-DO NOT try to relocate a tortoise. Gopher tortoises have an amazingly strong homing instinct and will try their best to return to their home burrows. This puts them at greater risk for road mortality, predation as they lack the protection of a burrow as they wander, and exposure to the elements. Females have also demonstrated behaviors of nest-guarding and if removed from those areas during nesting season it could negatively impact the survival rate of the hatchlings. (Gorsse et al 2012)

-DO NOT handle them beyond the length of time it takes to get them across the street to safety. A study published this year found that brief handling did not cause a stress reaction but handling for more than a few moments caused stress hormones to increase greater than 200-fold. (Currylow et al 2017.)

Remember, Gopher Tortoises are a Threatened Species, therefore it is illegal to relocate a tortoise without a permit or to keep them as pets. (Florida Statute 372.0725; Chapter 68A-27; Rule 68A-27.003)

If you see a tortoise that will require additional assistance, contact the FWC weekdays from 8 am to 5 pm at 1-850-921-1030 or after hours or on the weekends at 1-888-404-3922

Let’s all work to protect our amazing animal friends that we are so lucky to share this state with!

Share this information with your friends and be sure to give our page a “Like” to learn more about Florida’s wildlife and wild spaces.

#gophertortoise #Florida #wildlife #tortoise

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